31297 Nasal/sinus endoscopy, surgical, with dilation (eg, balloon dilation); sphenoid sinus ostium

Name of the Procedure:

Nasal/sinus endoscopy, surgical, with dilation (eg, balloon dilation); sphenoid sinus ostium

Summary

Nasal/sinus endoscopy with dilation is a minimally invasive procedure to open up the sphenoid sinus ostium using a small balloon. This helps to improve sinus drainage and alleviate chronic sinus issues.

Purpose

The procedure addresses chronic sinusitis, frequently characterized by inflammation and infection of the sinuses. The primary goal is to enhance sinus drainage, reduce sinus pressure and pain, and prevent recurrent infections.

Indications

• Persistent sinusitis symptoms despite medical treatment
• Chronic sinus infections
• Nasal congestion and blockage
• Headaches and facial pain related to sinus problems

Preparation

• Patients may need to fast for several hours before the procedure.
• Medication adjustments may be necessary, especially with blood thinners.
• Preoperative assessment might include nasal endoscopy and imaging studies like CT scans.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is typically given local or general anesthesia.
2. An endoscope is inserted into the nasal cavity to visualize the sphenoid sinus.
3. A balloon catheter is guided to the sinus ostium.
4. The balloon is then inflated to dilate the sinus opening.
5. The balloon is deflated and removed, and the endoscope checks the results. Tools: Endoscope, balloon catheter. Anesthesia: Local or general anesthesia is used.

Duration

The procedure generally takes about 1 to 2 hours.

Setting

This procedure is typically performed in a hospital or surgical center.

Personnel

• Otolaryngologist (ENT surgeon)
• Surgical nurse
• Anesthesiologist

Risks and Complications

• Bleeding
• Infection
• Nasal tissue damage
• Adverse reaction to anesthesia
• Rare risks: Cerebrospinal fluid leak, eye complications

Benefits

• Improved sinus drainage
• Relief from sinus pressure and pain
• Reduction in sinus infections
• Most patients experience symptom relief within a few days to weeks.

Recovery

• Patients may experience mild discomfort or nasal congestion post-procedure.
• Nasal saline rinses and prescribed medications may be advised.
• Avoidance of strenuous activities for 1-2 weeks.
• Follow-up visits to monitor healing and efficacy.

Alternatives

• Medical therapy (antibiotics, nasal steroids)
• Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)
• Pros of alternatives: Non-surgical options have lower risks.
• Cons of alternatives: May not be effective for all patients with chronic or severe conditions.

Patient Experience

Patients may feel some pressure or mild pain during the procedure if local anesthesia is used. Post-procedure, there might be a temporary sensation of congestion or drainage. Pain is typically managed with over-the-counter pain relief and prescribed medication if necessary.