20983 Ablation therapy for reduction or eradication of 1 or more bone tumors (eg, metastasis) including adjacent soft tissue when involved by tumor extension, percutaneous, including imaging guidance when performed; cryoablation

Name of the Procedure:

Ablation Therapy for Reduction or Eradication of Bone Tumors (Cryoablation)

Summary

Cryoablation is a minimally invasive procedure that uses extreme cold to reduce or eliminate bone tumors and any involved adjacent soft tissue. This procedure is performed percutaneously (through the skin) with the assistance of imaging guidance to ensure precision.

Purpose

Cryoablation aims to address bone tumors, including metastases, by freezing and destroying cancerous cells. The primary goal is to reduce or eradicate the tumor, thereby alleviating symptoms, preventing tumor growth or spread, and improving the patient's quality of life.

Indications

• Presence of bone tumors (e.g., metastasis).
• Pain or discomfort due to bone tumors.
• Involvement of adjacent soft tissue by tumor extension.
• Patients who are not candidates for surgery or prefer a less invasive option.

Preparation

• Fasting for a specified time before the procedure.
• Adjusting or discontinuing certain medications as advised by the doctor.
• Pre-procedure imaging tests (e.g., MRI, CT scan) to assess the tumor and surrounding areas.
• Blood tests to check for any contraindications.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned comfortably, and the targeted area is sterilized.
2. Local or general anesthesia is administered based on the patient's condition and the procedure's extent.
3. Using imaging guidance (e.g., CT scan), the physician inserts a cryoprobe through the skin into the tumor.
4. The cryoprobe releases extremely cold temperatures to freeze and destroy the tumor cells.
5. Multiple freeze-thaw cycles may be performed to ensure complete ablation of the tumor.
6. The cryoprobe is removed, and a bandage is applied to the insertion site.

Duration

The procedure typically takes around 1-2 hours.

Setting

The procedure is usually performed in a hospital's interventional radiology suite or an outpatient clinic equipped with imaging facilities.

Personnel

• Interventional radiologist or oncologist.
• Radiology technologist.
• Anesthesiologist (if general anesthesia is used).
• Nursing staff for support and monitoring.

Risks and Complications

• Pain or discomfort at the insertion site.
• Bleeding or infection.
• Damage to surrounding tissues or structures.
• Rare risks include nerve injury or fracture.

Benefits

• Minimally invasive with a short recovery period.
• Effective in reducing or eradicating bone tumors.
• Alleviation of pain and improvement in mobility and quality of life.
• Preservation of surrounding healthy tissue.

Recovery

• Post-procedure monitoring for a few hours.
• Pain management with prescribed medications.
• Instructions for wound care at the insertion site.
• Avoidance of strenuous activities for a specified period.
• Follow-up appointments for imaging to assess the effectiveness of the procedure.

Alternatives

• Surgical removal of the tumor.
• Radiation therapy.
• Other ablative techniques, such as radiofrequency ablation or microwave ablation.
• Systemic therapies like chemotherapy.

Patient Experience

Patients might feel some discomfort or pressure during the procedure. Post-procedure pain is usually manageable with medications. Most patients experience a rapid recovery and can resume normal activities within a few days, following their doctor's advice.