T86.8402 Corneal transplant rejection, left eye

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- **Corneal Transplant Rejection, Left Eye**
- Also known as **Graft Rejection** or **Keratoplasty Rejection**.

#### Summary
Corneal transplant rejection in the left eye is a condition where the immune system attacks the donated corneal tissue following a corneal transplant surgery. It is a significant complication that can compromise the clarity of vision and may eventually lead to loss of the graft if not promptly treated.

#### Causes
The main cause of corneal transplant rejection is an immune response against the foreign tissue introduced into the body during transplantation. This immune response occurs because the body identifies the donated tissue as foreign and tries to eliminate it.

#### Risk Factors
- Previous episodes of rejection.
- High-risk graft conditions (e.g., larger grafts, more inflamed eyes).
- Inadequate immunosuppressive therapy.
- Poor adherence to post-operative care and medication.

#### Symptoms
- Redness of the eye.
- Decrease in vision or blurry vision.
- Pain or discomfort in the eye.
- Sensitivity to light (photophobia).
- Swelling of the cornea.

#### Diagnosis
- Comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist.
- Slit-lamp examination to assess the cornea.
- Observation of specific rejection signs such as keratic precipitates or endothelial rejection lines.

#### Treatment Options
- **Corticosteroids**: Administered as eye drops, oral medication, or injections to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response.
- **Topical Immunosuppressants**: Used in some cases to prevent further immune activity against the graft.
- **Surgical Intervention**: In severe cases, a repeat transplant may be necessary.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
With timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the outcome for corneal transplant rejection can be favorable, potentially preserving graft function. Regular follow-up appointments are crucial to monitor for signs of rejection and to adjust treatment as needed.

#### Complications
- Permanent graft failure.
- Increased risk of rejection with subsequent transplants.
- Need for repeat corneal transplant, which may have a lower success rate.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Adherence to prescribed medication regimen.
- Regular follow-ups with an eye care professional.
- Avoidance of eye strain and direct trauma to the eye.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Sudden decrease in vision.
- Persistent redness or pain in the transplanted eye.
- Any new symptoms suggesting rejection or complications.

#### Additional Resources
- American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) [https://www.aao.org/]
- National Eye Institute (NEI) [https://www.nei.nih.gov/]
- The Cornea Society [https://www.corneasociety.org/]

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure correct identification of the eye involved (left eye) when coding.
- Double-check the ICD code T86.8402 for specificity in documenting the side of the eye affected.
- Be aware of similar conditions and ensure accurate documentation to prevent miscoding issues.

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