Name of the Condition

• Adult Psychological Abuse, Confirmed, Initial Encounter
• ICD Code: T74.31XA

Summary

• Adult psychological abuse refers to a pattern of behavior that inflicts emotional harm through verbal or non-verbal acts, exerting control, or intimidation in adult individuals. This diagnosis is applied when confirmed abuse has been identified during the initial encounter with healthcare professionals.

Causes

• Psychological abuse can stem from various personal, social, or relational issues. It may arise in domestic situations, workplaces, or institutions. Common causes include power imbalances, stress, and historical patterns of abuse within relationships.

Risk Factors

• Living in highly stressful domestic environments
• History of being abused as a child
• Socioeconomic stressors
• Workplace environments that lack oversight or support
• Mental health issues within a close relationship

Symptoms

• Emotional distress or depression
• Anxiety and fearfulness
• Low self-esteem and self-worth
• Social withdrawal or isolation
• Difficulty concentrating

Diagnosis

• Psychological evaluations and assessments
• Comprehensive patient interviews and questionnaires
• Collaborating information from social workers or mental health professionals

Treatment Options

• Psychotherapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to help victims regain confidence and emotional strength
• Support groups or counseling programs
• Medications, such as antidepressants, to manage symptoms related to depression and anxiety
• Legal advice and intervention if required

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With appropriate intervention, many individuals can recover and regain emotional stability. The prognosis improves significantly with ongoing therapy and support. Regular follow-up is critical to manage any emerging symptoms and provide continued support.

Complications

• Without treatment, psychological abuse can lead to chronic mental health conditions like depression, anxiety disorders, or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is also a risk of physical health deterioration due to stress-related illnesses.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Encourage open communication and conflict resolution in relationships
• Develop stress management techniques
• Foster supportive community connections
• Regular mental health screenings for those at risk

When to Seek Professional Help

• Persistent feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness
• Escalating anxiety or panic attacks
• Suicidal thoughts or self-harming behaviors
• Sudden, unexplained changes in behavior or mood

Additional Resources

• National Domestic Violence Hotline (USA)
• American Psychological Association
• Mental Health America

Tips for Medical Coders

• Confirm the condition is identified as "initial encounter" for proper coding.
• Ensure accurate documentation that supports the confirmed diagnosis of psychological abuse.
• Avoid confusing this code with those related to physical abuse or different stages of encounter.