Name of the Condition

• Fracture of nasal bones (ICD Code: S02.2XXA)
• Commonly referred to as a "broken nose" or "nasal fracture."

Summary

A fracture of the nasal bones is a break in one or more of the small bones in the bridge of the nose. This type of fracture is typically caused by trauma to the face and can result in pain, swelling, and an altered appearance of the nose.

Causes

• Blunt trauma to the face, often from physical altercations, accidental falls, sports injuries, or automobile accidents.

  Risk Factors

• Participation in contact sports or activities with a high risk of falls or facial impact.
• Lack of protective gear, like helmets or face masks.
• Osteoporosis or other conditions that weaken the bones.

Symptoms

• Pain and tenderness around the nose.
• Swelling around the nose and possibly the eyes.
• Bruising around the nose or eyes.
• Nosebleeds.
• Difficulty breathing through the nose.
• A visibly crooked or misaligned nose.

Diagnosis

• Physical examination assessing signs of a fracture.
• Imaging tests, such as X-rays or CT scans, to confirm and assess the extent of the fracture.

Treatment Options

• Ice application to reduce swelling.
• Pain relief medications.
• Manual realignment (closed reduction) if the bones are displaced.

• Surgery might be required for severe fractures or if realignment is not possible through non-invasive methods.

  Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Most nasal fractures heal without significant complications if treated promptly.
• Follow-up appointments are essential to ensure proper healing and alignment.
• Some may experience long-standing cosmetic concerns, which might require further surgical intervention.

Complications

• Septal hematoma: A collection of blood in the nasal septum that, if untreated, can lead to tissue death and deformities.
• Infection.
• Persistent breathing difficulties from structural changes.
• Perceived or actual disfigurement, affecting psychological well-being.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Use protective gear during sports or high-risk activities.
• Maintain situational awareness to avoid accidents.
• Strengthening bones through calcium-rich diets and weight-bearing exercises can minimize risk in the event of trauma.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Severe pain or swelling.
• Persistent bleeding from the nose.
• Breathing difficulties through the nose.
• Clear fluid drainage, which might indicate a more serious cranial injury.
• Visual changes or eye involvement.

Additional Resources

• American Rhinologic Society link

• The Mayo Clinic's page on nasal fractures link

  Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate identification of the fracture as "closed" to distinguish from an "open" fracture.
• Verify that the encounter is for initial treatment, as indicated by the "A" at the end of the ICD code.
• Be cautious of possible related injuries and ensure comprehensive coding of injuries sustained in the same incident.