Name of the Condition

• Common name: Cyst of Bartholin's gland
• Medical term: Bartholin's cyst

Summary

A Bartholin's cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms when a Bartholin's gland, located on either side of the vaginal opening, becomes obstructed. This condition is often painless but can sometimes lead to discomfort and complications if it becomes infected.

Causes

The condition typically occurs when the duct of the Bartholin's gland becomes blocked, leading to fluid accumulation. This blockage can be caused by infections, inflammation, or physical trauma to the area.

Risk Factors

• Being sexually active, as sexual activity may increase the likelihood of gland infections.
• History of vulvar surgery or trauma.
• Previous occurrences of Bartholin's cysts.

Symptoms

• A small, painless lump near the vaginal opening.
• Swelling or tenderness of the lump.
• Discomfort or pain during walking, sitting, or sexual intercourse if the cyst becomes large.

Diagnosis

• Physical examination to check for lumps or swelling.
• In some cases, imaging tests like ultrasound may be used to distinguish a cyst from other types of lesions.
• Culture tests may be conducted if an infection is suspected.

Treatment Options

• Watchful waiting: Small, asymptomatic cysts may not require immediate treatment.
• Sitz baths: Soaking in warm water several times a day can help the cyst to drain naturally.
• Surgical drainage: In cases where the cyst is sizable or painful, a procedure to drain it may be performed.
• Marsupialization: Creating a permanent opening to allow continuous drainage and prevent recurrence.
• Antibiotics: Prescribed if the cyst becomes infected, especially if an abscess has formed.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Most Bartholin’s cysts resolve with minimal treatment.
• Regular follow-up is necessary to ensure the cyst does not recur or become infected.

Complications

• Infection leading to the formation of an abscess, which can cause significant pain and require medical intervention.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Good personal hygiene can help prevent infection.
• Safe sex practices may reduce the risk of infection-related cyst formation.

When to Seek Professional Help

• If experiencing severe pain, swelling, or redness in the genital area.
• If the cyst becomes significantly large or painful.
• If there are signs of an infection such as fever or pus discharge.

Additional Resources

• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG)
• National Library of Medicine's MedlinePlus

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure precise diagnosis documentation directly references N75.0 for accurate coding.
• Verify if the condition involves complications (e.g., abscess) as that may require additional codes.
• Avoid confusing with other gynecological or cyst-related conditions; cross-reference patient history and symptoms.