M26.63 Articular disc disorder of temporomandibular joint

Name of the Condition

• Articular Disc Disorder of Temporomandibular Joint
• Also known as TMJ Disc Derangement or TMJ Internal Derangement

Summary

Articular disc disorder of the temporomandibular joint refers to a condition affecting the discs that cushion the joints connecting your jawbone to your skull. When these discs are misaligned or damaged, it can lead to pain and restricted jaw movement.

Causes

Trauma to the jaw (e.g., a blow or impact), habitual teeth grinding or clenching (bruxism), structural jaw abnormalities, and arthritis in the TMJ can cause this disorder.

Risk Factors

Genetic predisposition to joint or connective tissue disorders, stress leading to teeth grinding or jaw clenching, gum chewing or nail-biting habits, and certain connective tissue diseases like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Symptoms

Jaw pain or tenderness, difficulty in opening or closing the mouth, clicking, popping, or grating sounds when moving the jaw, and jaw locking or inability to move it fully.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves a physical examination by a dentist or oral surgeon, imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans to view the joint and disc position, and patient history evaluation focusing on symptoms.

Treatment Options

• Medications: pain relievers, anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants
• Physical Therapy: exercises to stretch and strengthen jaw muscles
• Oral Appliances: splints or mouthguards to prevent teeth grinding
• Surgery: in severe cases where other treatments have failed

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Most cases are managed effectively with treatment, leading to symptom relief. Follow-up care may include regular monitoring and adjustments to treatment plans as needed.

Complications

Untreated or severe cases may lead to chronic pain, persistent jaw dysfunction, or increased risk of arthritis in the joint.

Lifestyle & Prevention

Avoid habits like teeth grinding or jaw clenching, manage stress, and use proper techniques for chewing or jaw movement to reduce strain on the joint.

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek medical attention if you experience persistent jaw pain, difficulty moving your jaw, or if symptoms worsen despite self-care measures.

Tips for Medical Coders

Document the specific joint affected (unilateral or bilateral) and any associated symptoms or treatments. Ensure clinical notes support the diagnosis and align with the code's specificity.