H40.1322 Pigmentary glaucoma, left eye, moderate stage

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- **Pigmentary Glaucoma, Left Eye, Moderate Stage**
- Also known as Pigment Dispersion Glaucoma.

#### Summary
Pigmentary glaucoma is a type of secondary open-angle glaucoma where pigment granules, originating from the iris, accumulate in the drainage channels of the eye, leading to increased intraocular pressure and potential vision loss. This condition specifically affects the left eye in its moderate stage of severity.

#### Causes
- The main cause is the dispersion of pigment from the back of the iris into the eye's drainage system, which can block fluid outflow and increase pressure.
- It may be linked to a condition known as pigment dispersion syndrome.

#### Risk Factors
- **Age**: More common in young to middle-aged adults, especially males.
- **Race**: More prevalent in people of European descent.
- **Genetics**: Family history of the condition increases risk.
- **Physical activity**: Vigorous exercise may exacerbate pigment release.

#### Symptoms
- Blurred vision
- Halos around lights
- Eye pain or discomfort
- Gradual loss of peripheral vision

#### Diagnosis
- **Ophthalmological Examination**: Evaluates the optic nerve.
- **Tonometry**: Measures intraocular pressure.
- **Gonioscopy**: Examines the drainage angle of the eye.
- **Visual Field Test**: Assesses peripheral vision loss.

#### Treatment Options
- **Medications**: Eye drops to reduce intraocular pressure, such as beta-blockers and prostaglandin analogs.
- **Laser Therapy**: Laser trabeculoplasty can help improve fluid drainage.
- **Surgery**: In severe cases, procedures like trabeculectomy may be necessary.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- With early detection and treatment, vision loss can be minimized, though some loss may be irreversible.
- Regular monitoring by an eye care specialist is crucial to manage pressure and prevent progression.

#### Complications
- If left untreated, can lead to optic nerve damage and permanent vision loss in the left eye.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- **Eyewear**: Use protective eyewear during sports to prevent aggravation.
- **Regular Eye Exams**: Essential for early detection and management.
- **Moderate Physical Activity**: Avoid exercises that may increase sudden pressure changes.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- If experiencing sudden eye pain, severe headache, nausea, or vision changes, seek immediate medical attention.

#### Additional Resources
- [American Academy of Ophthalmology](https://www.aao.org)
- [Glaucoma Research Foundation](https://www.glaucoma.org)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure accurate documentation specifying the eye and stage of glaucoma.
- Double-check the code **H40.1322** for specificity regarding the affected eye and stage.
- Avoid confusion with primary open-angle glaucoma codes.

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