H00 Hordeolum and chalazion

Name of the Condition

• Hordeolum and chalazion

Summary

Hordeolum and chalazion are common eyelid conditions involving inflammation of the eyelid glands. A hordeolum (stye) is an acute infection of the eyelid margin glands, often painful and localized. A chalazion is a chronic, painless lump caused by blocked meibomian glands, typically forming deeper within the eyelid. Both conditions may affect the upper or lower eyelid and can occur in one or both eyes.

Causes

Hordeolum is usually caused by bacterial infection, most commonly Staphylococcus aureus, affecting the glands at the eyelash base. Chalazion results from obstruction and inflammation of the meibomian glands, which produce oil for the tear film. Both conditions may develop secondary to underlying eyelid inflammation or gland dysfunction.

Risk Factors

• Chronic blepharitis (eyelid inflammation)
• Poor eyelid hygiene
• Use of contaminated eye makeup or contact lenses
• History of rosacea or seborrheic dermatitis
• Previous occurrences of hordeolum or chalazion
• Skin conditions affecting the eyelids

Symptoms

• Hordeolum: Red, painful lump along the eyelid margin; tenderness; possible crusting or tearing
• Chalazion: Painless, firm lump within the eyelid; mild swelling; possible blurred vision if large
• Both: Localized redness or swelling; occasional sensitivity to light

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination by a healthcare professional. The provider assesses the location, tenderness, and characteristics of the lesion to differentiate between hordeolum and chalazion. Additional tests are rarely needed unless the lesion is atypical, persistent, or recurrent, which may prompt further evaluation for underlying conditions.

Treatment Options

• Warm compresses applied several times daily to promote drainage
• Gentle eyelid massage to aid in resolving blockages
• Topical antibiotics or anti-inflammatory medications for infected or inflamed lesions
• Oral antibiotics for severe or recurrent bacterial infections
• Surgical drainage for persistent or large chalazia or hordeola that do not respond to conservative treatment

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Most hordeola resolve within 1–2 weeks with treatment, while chalazia may take several weeks to months to resolve. Follow-up is recommended if symptoms worsen, persist beyond a few weeks, or if vision is affected. Recurrence may indicate underlying conditions requiring further management.

Complications

• Hordeolum: Spread of infection to surrounding tissues; rarely progresses to cellulitis
• Chalazion: Chronic inflammation; potential distortion of eyelid shape; rarely affects vision
• Both: Secondary bacterial infection; scarring of eyelid tissue in severe cases

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Maintain good eyelid hygiene by cleaning the eyelid margins daily
• Avoid touching or rubbing the eyes with unwashed hands
• Replace eye makeup and contact lens cases regularly
• Manage underlying conditions like blepharitis or rosacea as directed
• Use warm compresses proactively if prone to recurrent episodes

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek care if the lesion is large, painful, or affects vision; if symptoms worsen or persist beyond two weeks; if there is significant redness, swelling, or discharge; or if recurrent episodes occur. Prompt evaluation is important to rule out other eyelid conditions or infections.

Tips for Medical Coders

Use H00 for Hordeolum and chalazion. Specify laterality (right/left/unspecified) and eyelid location (upper/lower) as applicable. Document the clinical differentiation between hordeolum (infection) and chalazion (obstruction) to support accurate coding. Include details on treatment approaches and any complications to ensure comprehensive coding.