F72 Severe intellectual disabilities

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- **Severe Intellectual Disabilities** (ICD-10 Code: F72)

#### Summary
- Severe intellectual disabilities are characterized by significantly below-average intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, affecting conceptual, social, and practical skills. Individuals with this condition require substantial support for daily activities and life skills.

#### Causes
- The causes include genetic factors (e.g., chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome), prenatal exposures (e.g., alcohol or infections), birth complications (e.g., oxygen deprivation), and early developmental issues.

#### Risk Factors
- Risk factors include a family history of intellectual disabilities, inadequate prenatal care, exposure to environmental toxins, and preterm birth.

#### Symptoms
- Symptoms include a noticeable delay in reaching developmental milestones, difficulties in learning and reasoning, trouble with communication, and challenges in personal care and social interactions.

#### Diagnosis
- Diagnosis involves a combination of developmental screenings, intelligence testing, adaptive behavior assessments, and genetic testing to identify any underlying causes.

#### Treatment Options
- Treatment may involve personalized educational programs, speech and occupational therapies, behavioral therapies, and medication to manage symptoms such as anxiety or seizures. These interventions aim to enhance individual skills and promote greater independence.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- While there is no cure, early intervention and ongoing support can improve quality of life. Regular follow-up with healthcare providers is crucial to adjust support strategies and monitor progress.

#### Complications
- Potential complications include social isolation, mental health disorders, and challenges in achieving independence, necessitating lifelong care and support.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Adequate prenatal care, avoiding harmful substances during pregnancy, ensuring child safety, and early developmental screenings can help mitigate risk and manage the condition effectively.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Parents should consult a healthcare professional if they observe significant delays in reaching developmental milestones or any other concerning behaviors.

#### Additional Resources
- [American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD)](https://www.aaidd.org)
- [National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)](https://www.nichd.nih.gov)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Verify the degree of intellectual disability (severe, in this case) and any associated conditions for accurate coding.
- Avoid confusion with other levels of intellectual disabilities (e.g., mild, moderate) and ensure proper documentation.

Medical Policies and Guidelines for Severe intellectual disabilities

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