Name of the Condition

• Kleptomania

Summary

• Kleptomania is an impulse control disorder characterized by the irresistible urge to steal items that are not needed for personal use or monetary value.

Causes

• The exact cause of kleptomania is unknown, but it may involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurobiological factors. Imbalances in brain neurotransmitters like serotonin are also suspected.

Risk Factors

• Risk factors may include a family history of kleptomania, mood disorders, substance abuse, or other impulse control disorders.

Symptoms

• Symptoms include a recurring inability to resist impulses to steal, a feeling of tension before the theft, and gratification or relief during and after the act. The stolen items may often be hoarded, given away, or discarded.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis is typically made based on a comprehensive psychiatric evaluation, including discussions of symptoms and behavioral history. It may also involve ruling out other psychiatric conditions.

Treatment Options

• Treatment often involves a combination of psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), medications like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), or other therapies aimed at managing urges.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With treatment, many individuals with kleptomania can manage their symptoms effectively. Regular follow-up with mental health professionals is crucial to prevent relapse and address ongoing issues.

Complications

• If left untreated, kleptomania can result in legal problems, financial difficulties, and emotional distress. It may also lead to issues in personal relationships and work environments.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• While there's no guaranteed way to prevent kleptomania, stress management, avoiding high-risk situations where the urge to steal might surface, and seeking early treatment for impulse control issues may help.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Individuals should seek help if they experience recurring urges to steal, especially if it causes distress, legal issues, or impacts daily life.

Additional Resources

• American Psychiatric Association: https://www.psychiatry.org/
• Anxiety and Depression Association of America: https://adaa.org/

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure correct coding by confirming that the diagnosis aligns with DSM-5 criteria for kleptomania.
• Avoid coding errors by not confusing kleptomania with theft motivated by financial gain or necessity.