Name of the Condition

• Trichotillomania (TTM), commonly referred to as Hair-Pulling Disorder

Summary

• Trichotillomania is a mental health disorder characterized by a compulsive urge to pull out one's own hair, leading to noticeable hair loss and distress. It is considered a type of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Causes

• The exact cause of trichotillomania is unknown, but factors may include genetic predisposition, abnormalities in brain pathways, and psychological triggers such as stress or anxiety.

Risk Factors

• Risk factors for trichotillomania include having a family history of the condition, being female, or experiencing significant stress. The disorder typically begins in late childhood or early adolescence.

Symptoms

• Common symptoms include repetitive hair pulling resulting in hair loss, a sense of tension before pulling or when trying to resist the urge, and relief or satisfaction after the act.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical evaluation and patient history. Criteria from the DSM-5 for hair-pulling disorder are often used, as there are no specific laboratory tests for trichotillomania.

Treatment Options

• Treatment may involve cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), involving techniques like Habit Reversal Training (HRT), and medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to address underlying anxiety or depression.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• The prognosis varies, with some individuals experiencing significant improvement over time, especially with treatment. Regular follow-up is important to manage symptoms and prevent relapse.

Complications

• If left untreated, trichotillomania can lead to permanent hair loss, skin infections, and psychological issues such as low self-esteem and social avoidance.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Stress management techniques and participating in support groups can help individuals manage symptoms. While there is no sure way to prevent trichotillomania, early intervention can reduce the severity.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Professional help should be sought if hair-pulling behavior causes significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

Additional Resources

• Trichotillomania Learning Center, Anxiety and Depression Association of America, and related OCD support groups offer valuable information and support.

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate coding by confirming diagnosis criteria from medical records. Be aware of differentiating trichotillomania from other dermatological or psychological conditions that may result in hair loss.