Name of the Condition

• Post-traumatic stress disorder, chronic (PTSD, chronic)
• F43.12

Summary

• Post-traumatic stress disorder, chronic is a mental health condition that can occur after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. It is characterized by prolonged symptoms that persist for more than three months, affecting daily life and functioning.

Causes

• PTSD is most commonly caused by exposure to traumatic events such as combat, natural disasters, serious accidents, or violent personal assaults.

Risk Factors

• Risk factors include previous traumatic experiences, lack of support after trauma, a history of mental illness or substance abuse, and genetic predisposition.

Symptoms

• Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares, severe anxiety, uncontrollable thoughts about the event, emotional numbness, and avoidance of reminders of the trauma.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis is typically made through psychological assessment, including clinical interviews and questionnaires designed to evaluate PTSD symptoms according to established criteria.

Treatment Options

• Treatments include psychotherapy (such as cognitive behavioral therapy and EMDR) and medications (such as SSRIs and SNRIs). These approaches help manage symptoms by addressing underlying cognitive patterns and biochemical imbalances.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With treatment, many individuals experience significant relief from symptoms, though chronic PTSD may require long-term management. Regular follow-ups with healthcare providers are crucial to track progress and adjust treatment plans as needed.

Complications

• If left untreated, chronic PTSD can lead to complications such as depression, substance misuse, difficulties in relationships, and an increased risk of self-harm or suicide.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Lifestyle changes that may help manage PTSD include engaging in regular physical exercise, practicing mindfulness or meditation, and building a strong support network. Early intervention and seeking professional help post-trauma can be preventive measures.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Immediate medical attention should be sought if experiencing severe depression, thoughts of self-harm or suicide, or inability to carry out daily activities due to PTSD symptoms.

Additional Resources

• Resources include the National Center for PTSD (part of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs), the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, and local mental health organizations or support groups.

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate coding by distinguishing between Acute (F43.11) and Chronic (F43.12) PTSD based on the duration of symptoms. Be mindful of coding all relevant comorbid conditions separately for comprehensive documentation.