E83.52 Hypercalcemia

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Hypercalcemia
- Medical Term: Hypercalcemia

#### Summary
Hypercalcemia is a condition characterized by an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood. This can interfere with various bodily functions and, if severe, can be life-threatening.

#### Causes
- Overactive parathyroid glands (hyperparathyroidism)
- Cancer (e.g., breast, lung, or blood cancers)
- Excessive use of calcium supplements or vitamin D
- Other endocrine disorders
- Conditions such as sarcoidosis or tuberculosis

#### Risk Factors
- Age: More common in older adults
- Family history of hyperparathyroidism
- Certain medications, such as lithium or thiazide diuretics
- Prolonged immobility
- Kidney failure

#### Symptoms
- Nausea and vomiting
- Frequent urination and excessive thirst
- Abdominal pain
- Fatigue and weakness
- Confusion or cognitive difficulties
- Bone pain 

#### Diagnosis
- Blood tests to measure calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D levels
- Urine tests to evaluate kidney function
- Imaging tests such as bone densitometry or ultrasound to investigate potential causes

#### Treatment Options
- Intravenous fluids and medications to reduce calcium levels
- Bisphosphonates to control bone loss
- Calcitonin to lower blood calcium levels
- Surgery in the case of a parathyroid adenoma

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Prognosis varies depending on the cause and severity of hypercalcemia.
- Regular monitoring of calcium levels is crucial to managing the condition and preventing recurrence.
- Long-term outcomes generally improve with appropriate treatment.

#### Complications
- Kidney stones
- Osteoporosis
- Cardiovascular issues, such as arrhythmias
- Neurological effects, including coma if untreated

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Maintain a balanced diet with moderate calcium and vitamin D intake.
- Stay hydrated to support kidney function.
- Engage in regular physical activity to promote bone health.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Severe symptoms such as confusion, persistent vomiting, or difficulty breathing warrant immediate medical attention.
- Persistent symptoms or sudden changes in health status should also prompt a medical consultation.

#### Additional Resources
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
- Hyperparathyroidism support groups

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure precise coding by differentiating hypercalcemia from other electrolyte imbalances.
- Check for related conditions that may affect coding, such as hyperparathyroidism or malignancies.
- Avoid common coding errors by double-checking the most recent ICD-10 updates.

Medical Policies and Guidelines for Hypercalcemia

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