Name of the Condition

• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Other Diabetic Neurological Complications
• ICD-10 Code: E11.49

Summary

• This condition refers to Type 2 diabetes with additional neurological issues caused by diabetes, such as nerve damage. It's a chronic disease that affects how the body metabolizes sugar (glucose) and can lead to nerve problems if not managed properly.

Causes

• Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or when the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin. Neurological complications arise as high blood sugar levels can lead to nerve damage over time.

Risk Factors

• Common risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity, age (over 45 years), family history of diabetes, high blood pressure, and unhealthy eating habits.

Symptoms

• Symptoms may include numbness, tingling, pain, or burning sensations in the extremities, especially the hands and feet. There may also be muscle weakness or balance issues.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis is typically done through blood tests to monitor blood sugar levels, such as the fasting blood glucose test or HbA1c. Neurological assessments may include nerve conduction studies or electromyography.

Treatment Options

• Management combines lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, with medications that regulate blood sugar levels, like metformin. Managing neurological symptoms may involve pain relief medications and therapies like physical therapy.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With proper management, individuals can maintain a good quality of life. Continuous monitoring of blood sugar levels is crucial. Regular follow-up with healthcare providers to adjust therapy plans is recommended.

Complications

• Without proper management, complications can include worsening nerve damage, ulcers, infections, and in severe cases, amputations due to untreated wounds. Other potential complications include kidney disease and cardiovascular issues.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Preventive measures include maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, eating a balanced diet low in sugar and refined carbohydrates, quitting smoking, and regular monitoring of blood sugar levels.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Immediate medical attention is required if experiencing severe pain, new or worsening symptoms, ulcers, or open sores that do not heal.

Additional Resources

• American Diabetes Association (ADA) - diabetes.org
• National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) - niddk.nih.gov

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate coding by confirming all documented complications that match E11.49.
• Be cautious not to confuse this code with similar codes for diabetes without neurological complications.