Name of the Condition

• Condyloma latum

Summary

Condyloma latum refers to wart-like lesions that appear on the genitals, caused by secondary syphilis. These lesions are typically large, flat, and moist, distinguished from other genital warts by their association with syphilis.

Causes

Condyloma latum is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, responsible for syphilis. These lesions are a symptom in the secondary stage of the infection.

Risk Factors

• Unprotected sexual contact with an infected partner
• Having multiple sexual partners
• Previous history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
• Being in a sexual relationship with a partner who has syphilis

Symptoms

• Painless, broad, wart-like lesions on the genitals or mouth
• Typically moist and may have a smooth, macerated appearance
• Can be associated with other symptoms of secondary syphilis, such as rash, fever, and swollen lymph nodes

Diagnosis

• Physical examination and identification of characteristic lesions
• Blood tests, such as the Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) or Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, to confirm syphilis infection
• Dark-field microscopy or PCR testing for Treponema pallidum

Treatment Options

• Antibiotic therapy, primarily with penicillin, which cures the syphilis infection and resolves the lesions
• For those allergic to penicillin, alternative antibiotics like doxycycline may be used
• It's essential to treat sexual partners as well to prevent reinfection

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With proper antibiotic treatment, condyloma latum and other symptoms of secondary syphilis can be effectively resolved
• Regular follow-up and re-testing to ensure successful treatment and no reinfection
• Monitoring for any progression to latent or tertiary syphilis if untreated

Complications

• If left untreated, infection can progress to latent and potentially tertiary syphilis, causing more severe health complications like neurological or cardiovascular damage
• Higher risk of transmitting the infection to sexual partners

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Consistent and correct use of condoms during sexual activity
• Regular STI screenings for sexually active individuals
• Engaging in monogamous relationships or reducing the number of sexual partners
• Prompt treatment of any STIs to reduce the risk to partners

When to Seek Professional Help

• If experiencing unexplained genital lesions or symptoms of syphilis
• After potential exposure to a partner known to have syphilis
• If experiencing systemic symptoms such as rash, fever, or swollen nodes along with genital lesions

Additional Resources

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website for information on STIs
• Local public health clinics for testing and treatment information
• Support and information from organizations like Planned Parenthood

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure specificity by coding for both the condition (A51.31) and any related symptoms or additional codes for syphilis as required
• Avoid confusion with other genital lesions or warts by verifying the stage and cause of the lesions
• Stay updated with any coding changes by referencing the ICD guidelines