A32.81 Oculoglandular listeriosis

Name of the Condition

• Oculoglandular listeriosis (ICD-10 Code: A32.81)

Summary

Oculoglandular listeriosis is a localized form of listeriosis affecting the eye and associated lymph nodes. It results from infection with Listeria monocytogenes and typically presents with eye inflammation and swollen glands near the affected eye. This condition is less common than systemic listeriosis but may occur when the bacterium enters the body through ocular exposure to contaminated materials.

Causes

The infection is caused by Listeria monocytogenes, a bacterium that can enter the eye or surrounding tissues through direct contact with contaminated substances. This may occur via exposure to animal products, soil, or other sources carrying the bacterium, particularly if there is a breach in the ocular or skin barrier.

Risk Factors

• Individuals handling raw animal products or contaminated materials without eye protection
• People with pre-existing eye injuries or conditions that compromise ocular integrity
• Those with weakened immune systems, as they may be more susceptible to localized infections
• Exposure to environments with high bacterial loads, such as farms or processing facilities

Symptoms

• Redness, swelling, or discharge in the affected eye
• Pain or irritation around the eye
• Swollen lymph nodes near the ear or jaw
• Possible fever or systemic symptoms in severe cases

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves culturing samples from eye discharge, conjunctival swabs, or lymph node aspirates to identify Listeria monocytogenes. Clinical evaluation of eye and lymph node involvement, along with exposure history, supports the diagnosis. Imaging or biopsy may be used to rule out other conditions if needed.

Treatment Options

• Antibiotics effective against Listeria monocytogenes, such as ampicillin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
• Topical or systemic anti-inflammatory agents to reduce eye swelling and discomfort
• Supportive care, including eye hygiene and monitoring for complications

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Prognosis is generally favorable with prompt treatment, especially in immunocompetent individuals. Follow-up may include monitoring eye healing, lymph node resolution, and response to antibiotics. Severe cases or immunocompromised patients may require extended care to prevent recurrence or systemic spread.

Complications

• Persistent eye inflammation or vision impairment if untreated
• Spread of infection to surrounding tissues or systemic circulation
• Lymph node abscess formation or chronic swelling

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Avoid contact with contaminated materials, especially near the eyes
• Use protective eyewear when handling raw animal products or in high-risk environments
• Practice good hand and eye hygiene to reduce exposure risk
• Ensure food safety by avoiding unpasteurized dairy or undercooked meats

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek medical attention if eye redness, swelling, or discharge persists, or if lymph nodes become increasingly tender. Immediate care is recommended for severe pain, vision changes, or signs of systemic infection, such as fever or confusion.

Tips for Medical Coders

Document the specific site of infection (eye and associated lymph nodes) and any confirmed exposure to Listeria monocytogenes. Include details of diagnostic testing (e.g., cultures) and treatment to support code assignment. Ensure documentation aligns with the clinical presentation of oculoglandular involvement.