Name of the Procedure:

Injection, octafluoropropane microspheres, per ml (HCPCS Code: Q9956)

Summary

This procedure involves the injection of tiny bubbles (microspheres) filled with a gas called octafluoropropane. These microspheres are used to enhance the quality of ultrasound imaging, helping doctors see the inside of the body more clearly.

Purpose

The procedure is used mainly to improve the visualization of blood vessels and organs during an ultrasound exam. It helps in diagnosing various conditions such as heart defects, liver tumors, and other abnormalities in blood flow or organ structure. The expected outcome is a more accurate and detailed ultrasound image, which can aid in better diagnosis and treatment planning.

Indications

• Poor quality ultrasound images due to body habitus or organ size.
• Suspected heart conditions like ventricular septal defects or valve abnormalities.
• Liver lesions or tumors where enhanced imaging is needed for evaluation.
• Blood vessel abnormalities such as aneurysms or blockages.

Preparation

• Follow any fasting instructions provided by your healthcare provider, usually no food or drink several hours before the procedure.
• Inform your doctor about any medications you're currently taking; some may need to be adjusted.
• You might undergo some preliminary diagnostic tests like standard blood work or an initial ultrasound without the contrast agent.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned on an examination table.
2. An initial ultrasound is performed to determine the baseline imaging quality.
3. The octafluoropropane microspheres are prepared in a sterile environment.
4. The microspheres are injected into a vein, typically in the arm.
5. The ultrasound technician continues to take images as the microspheres circulate through the bloodstream.
6. Real-time images are captured, highlighting blood flow and organ structures more clearly.

• Tools used include standard ultrasound imaging equipment and syringes for the injection.
• Generally, no anesthesia or sedation is required, as the procedure is minimally invasive and involves only a simple injection.

Duration

The entire procedure typically takes about 30 minutes to an hour.

Setting

The procedure is usually performed in an imaging center, outpatient clinic, or hospital radiology department.

Personnel

• Radiologist or cardiologist (depending on the type of ultrasound)
• Ultrasound technician
• Nurse for patient preparation and monitoring

Risks and Complications

• Common side effects might include mild discomfort at the injection site.
• Rare risks include allergic reactions to the microspheres or minor side effects like dizziness or nausea.
• In case of an allergic reaction, emergency care is available to manage symptoms.

Benefits

• Enhanced image quality of ultrasound scans.
• More accurate diagnosis of medical conditions.
• Non-invasive and generally safe with minimal discomfort.
• Immediate visualization of blood flow and organ structure.

Recovery

• Minimal to no recovery time required.
• Patients can typically resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to discuss results with your doctor.

Alternatives

• Standard ultrasound without contrast, which may be less effective for certain diagnoses.
• MRI or CT scans, which might provide similar imaging detail but involve different risks such as radiation exposure (CT) or contraindications in patients with metal implants (MRI).
• The choice of alternatives depends on the specific medical condition and the patient's overall health.

Patient Experience

• Patients might feel a brief sting from the injection, but otherwise, the procedure is generally well-tolerated.
• There is usually no pain associated with the injection or the ultrasound itself.
• Staff will take measures to ensure the patient's comfort throughout the procedure.