Name of the Procedure:

Common Name: Short Leg Splint Technical Term: Cast supplies, short leg splint, adult (11 years +), fiberglass (HCPCS Q4046)

Summary

A short leg splint made of fiberglass is used to immobilize and support a fractured, sprained, or otherwise injured lower leg. It helps to stabilize the bone and soft tissue, promoting proper healing.

Purpose

This procedure addresses injuries such as fractures, severe sprains, and other lower leg traumas. The goal is to immobilize the affected area, relieve pain, and facilitate proper healing of bones and soft tissues.

Indications

• Lower leg fractures or broken bones
• Severe sprains or ligament injuries
• Post-surgical stabilization
• Prevention of injury exacerbation in conditions requiring immobilization

Preparation

• No specific preparations such as fasting are required.
• Patients should inform the healthcare provider of any allergies, medications, or existing medical conditions.
• An imaging study like an X-ray may be required to determine the nature and extent of the injury.

Procedure Description

1. The patient's lower leg is positioned properly, typically at a 90-degree angle.
2. Protective padding is applied to the injured area.
3. Fiberglass casting material is soaked in water to activate it and then wrapped around the padding.
4. The material hardens, forming a rigid structure that immobilizes the lower leg.
5. The splint is molded to fit comfortably while ensuring immobilization.

Tools and Equipment:

• Protective padding
• Fiberglass casting material

Anesthesia/Sedation:

• Usually none required, local anesthesia may be used in case of pain.

Duration

The procedure typically takes around 30 minutes.

Setting

The short leg splint is generally applied in an outpatient clinic, emergency room, or orthopedic office.

Personnel

The procedure is usually performed by an orthopedic technician or a nurse, supervised by a doctor such as an orthopedic surgeon or an emergency physician.

Risks and Complications

• Common risks: Skin irritation, pressure sores, allergic reactions to materials
• Rare risks: Compartment syndrome, which requires immediate medical attention
• Complications: Improper fit may need adjustment, potential for restricted blood flow if applied too tightly

Benefits

• Immediate stabilization of the injury
• Reduction in pain and discomfort
• Promotes faster and proper healing of bones and tissues

Recovery

• Keep the splint dry and clean.
• Follow-up appointments for re-evaluation and possible adjustments.
• Avoid putting weight on the leg unless advised otherwise.
• Expected recovery time varies based on the injury but typically ranges from a few weeks to a couple of months.

Alternatives

• Rigid casts using plaster instead of fiberglass
• Removable leg braces or walking boots
• Surgical internal fixation using screws and plates, if more severe

Pros and Cons:

• Fiberglass splints are lighter and more durable than plaster casts.
• Removable braces allow for easier hygiene but may not provide as much immobilization.
• Surgery provides more permanent stabilization but comes with higher risks.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, patients might feel slight pressure or discomfort as the splint is applied and molded. Pain associated with the injury itself may persist until initial healing begins. Post-procedure, some tightness and itching are common. Pain management may include over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medications. Comfort measures include keeping the leg elevated and following care instructions meticulously.