Name of the Procedure:

Common Name: Short Leg Cast Medical Terms: Cast supplies, short leg cast, adult (11 years +), fiberglass (HCPCS Q4038)

Summary

A short leg cast is a sturdy, lightweight cast made of fiberglass that is used to immobilize and protect the lower leg and ankle following fractures or severe sprains. This type of cast allows the limb to heal properly by keeping the bones and ligaments in place.

Purpose

This cast is applied to stabilize fractures, severe sprains, or other injuries to the lower leg, ankle, or foot. The goal is to immobilize the area to promote proper healing and prevent further injury.

Indications

• Fractures of the tibia, fibula, or ankle
• Severe ankle sprains or ligament injuries
• Post-surgical immobilization
• Injuries requiring immobilization but not extending above the knee

Preparation

• No special fasting or dietary changes are required.
• Diagnostic imaging (X-rays, MRIs, etc.) to assess the injury.
• Inform the healthcare provider of any allergies, especially to materials used in the cast.

Procedure Description

1. The healthcare provider will clean the injured area.
2. A protective padding is placed around the injured area to prevent irritation.
3. The fiberglass material is soaked in water then wrapped around the lower leg and foot.
4. The cast is molded to fit the contour of the leg and allow a comfortable fit.
5. The cast hardens within minutes to provide a stable support structure.

Tools/Equipment Used:

• Fiberglass casting tape
• Protective padding
• Bandage scissors

Anesthesia or Sedation: Typically not required, but pain medication may be provided if necessary.

Duration

The casting process generally takes about 30 minutes from start to finish.

Setting

This procedure is typically performed in an outpatient clinic, doctor's office, or emergency department.

Personnel

• Orthopedic technician or nurse (application)
• Physician or orthopedic specialist (initial assessment and final inspection)

Risks and Complications

• Skin irritation or pressure sores
• Compartment syndrome (rare but serious)
• Allergic reactions to casting materials
• Joint stiffness or muscle atrophy if immobilized for a long period

Benefits

• Proper alignment of bones for healing
• Protection from further injury
• Improved comfort and mobility compared to splints or braces
• Healing typically starts immediately, with visible improvements within a few weeks

Recovery

• Keep the cast dry and clean.
• Avoid inserting objects inside the cast.
• Elevate the leg to reduce swelling.
• Follow-up appointments typically every 1-2 weeks.
• Full recovery can take 6-8 weeks, depending on the injury.
• Physical therapy may be required post-healing.

Alternatives

• Removable splints or braces: Easier hygiene and skin care but less stability.
• Surgical fixation: In severe cases requiring surgical intervention with hardware like pins and plates.
• Functional bracing: Allows some movement but less immobilization.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, you might feel slight pressure but minimal discomfort. After the cast hardens, it will feel firm and supportive. You may experience some initial tightness, but this should decrease. Pain management includes over-the-counter pain relievers, and measures are taken to ensure maximum comfort.