Injection, Darbepoetin Alfa, 1 Microgram (for ESRD on Dialysis) (J0882)

Name of the Procedure:

Common Name: Darbepoetin Alfa Injection
Technical Term: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) injection for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis

Summary

Darbepoetin Alfa is a medication administered through an injection to help manage anemia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing dialysis. It stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

Purpose

Medical Conditions Addressed: Anemia associated with chronic kidney disease, especially in ESRD patients on dialysis.

Goals/Expected Outcomes:

• Increase red blood cell count
• Improve oxygen delivery to tissues
• Reduce symptoms of anemia such as fatigue and shortness of breath

Indications

Specific Symptoms or Conditions:

• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Pale skin

Patient Criteria:

• Diagnosed with ESRD and receiving dialysis
• Documented anemia with low hemoglobin levels

Preparation

Pre-procedure Instructions:

• No specific fasting required
• Inform your healthcare provider of any other medications you are taking

Diagnostic Tests:

• Blood tests to check hemoglobin levels and kidney function

Procedure Description

Step-by-Step Explanation:

1. The healthcare provider confirms the dose and prepares the injection.
2. The injection site (typically the arm or thigh) is cleaned with an antiseptic.
3. The Darbepoetin Alfa is injected subcutaneously (under the skin) or intravenously (into a vein).
4. The site is observed for any immediate reactions.

Tools and Equipment:

• Syringe with Darbepoetin Alfa
• Antiseptic swabs
• Gloves

Anesthesia or Sedation:

• Typically, no anesthesia or sedation is needed

Duration

How Long It Takes:

• The injection procedure usually takes about 10-15 minutes.

Setting

Where Performed:

• Hospital
• Outpatient clinic
• Dialysis center

Personnel

Healthcare Professionals Involved:

• Nephrologist or primary care physician
• Nurse

Risks and Complications

Common Risks:

• Injection site reaction (redness, pain)
• Hypertension (high blood pressure)

Rare Risks:

• Blood clots
• Seizures
• Pure red cell aplasia (rare bone marrow disorder)

Possible Complications and Management:

• Regular monitoring and adjustments of dosage
• Managing blood pressure with medications if needed

Benefits

Expected Benefits:

• Improved hemoglobin levels
• Increased energy and reduced symptoms of anemia
• Benefits might be noticed within a few weeks of starting the injections

Recovery

Post-Procedure Care:

• Monitor injection site for any signs of infection
• Follow-up blood tests to monitor hemoglobin levels

Expected Recovery Time and Restrictions:

• No specific recovery time; patients can resume normal activities immediately
• Regular follow-up appointments to adjust dosage as necessary

Alternatives

Other Treatment Options:

• Oral iron supplements
• Intravenous iron therapy
• Blood transfusions

Pros and Cons of Alternatives:

• Iron supplements can be less effective and slower in response.
• Blood transfusions carry risks such as infections and immune reactions but provide immediate relief.

Patient Experience

During the Procedure:

• Minimal discomfort during the injection

After the Procedure:

• Mild soreness or redness at the injection site
• Energy levels should begin to improve within a few weeks

Pain Management and Comfort Measures:

• Pain relievers if needed
• Proper technique to minimize discomfort during injection