External Insulin Infusion Pump - Syringe Type Cartridge (A4225)

Name of the Procedure:

Common Names: Insulin Pump Supplies, Insulin Cartridge
Medical Terms: External insulin infusion pump, syringe type cartridge, sterile

Summary

This procedure involves the use of a sterile syringe-type cartridge designed for use with external insulin infusion pumps. These pumps are devices that deliver insulin continuously to help manage blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes.

Purpose

External insulin infusion pumps are used predominantly by people with diabetes to efficiently manage their blood sugar levels. The goal is to maintain optimal glucose control, which can reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications and enhance the quality of life. The syringe-type cartridge is a critical component, ensuring accurate and sterile delivery of insulin.

Indications

• Individuals diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes
• Sometimes used by individuals with Type 2 Diabetes who require continuous insulin delivery
• Patients needing a precise and continuous method to manage fluctuating blood sugar levels
• Situations where other methods of insulin delivery (e.g., injections) are less effective or practical

Preparation

• No specific fasting or medication adjustments are usually required.
• Patients should have received training on the use of an insulin pump.
• Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels.
• Ensure all components, including the syringe-type cartridge, are sterile and functioning properly.

Procedure Description

1. Setup: The patient or healthcare provider inserts the sterile syringe-type cartridge into the external insulin infusion pump.
2. Priming: The pump is primed to remove air bubbles from the system.
3. Insertion: A cannula (a small tube) is inserted under the skin, typically in the abdomen, using an insertion device.
4. Programming: The insulin pump is programmed based on individual insulin needs and doctor's recommendations.
5. Continuous Delivery: The pump delivers a continuous basal rate of insulin, with the option for the patient to administer additional doses (boluses) around mealtimes or to correct high blood glucose levels.

Duration

• The setup and insertion process typically takes about 20-30 minutes.
• Continuous use: The pump operates 24/7, with cartridge changes every two to three days.

Setting

• Usually performed at home or in an outpatient clinic.
• Initial setup and training may occur in a hospital or specialized diabetes care center.

Personnel

• Trained healthcare providers such as endocrinologists, diabetes educators, or nurses initially supervise the procedure.
• Patients or their caregivers manage ongoing use.

Risks and Complications

• Common: Skin irritation at the insertion site, discomfort.
• Rare: Infection at the cannula insertion site, pump malfunction leading to hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) or hypoglycemia (low blood glucose).

Benefits

• Improved blood glucose control
• Flexible insulin delivery, mimicking natural insulin release
• Reduction in the frequency of needle injections
• Potential reduction in diabetes-related complications over time

Recovery

• Typically, no recovery period is needed.
• Continuous monitoring and maintenance of the pump are necessary.
• Regular follow-up appointments with healthcare providers to ensure optimal insulin pump settings and usage.

Alternatives

• Multiple daily insulin injections
• Insulin pens
• Closed-loop systems (advanced insulin pumps with continuous glucose monitoring)

Pros of Alternatives:

• Multiple daily injections: no need for equipment management.
• Insulin pens: more convenient and less intrusive.

Cons of Alternatives:

• Less precise control over blood glucose levels compared to an insulin pump.
• Potentially more frequent needle sticks.

Patient Experience

• Initial setup can be uncomfortable but is usually well-tolerated.
• Minimal discomfort once the system is in place.
• Regularly monitoring blood sugar levels to ensure the system functions correctly.
• Pain management and comfort measures: Topical numbing agents or rotating insertion sites can help minimize discomfort.