Name of the Procedure:

Chromatography, Quantitative, Column (e.g., Gas Liquid or HPLC); Multiple Analytes, Single Stationary and Mobile Phase

Summary

Chromatography is a lab technique used to separate and analyze multiple chemical substances in a sample. Specifically, this procedure involves using a fixed stationary phase and a moving liquid or gas to quantitatively measure different analytes.

Purpose

The procedure helps detect and quantify various chemical compounds in biological samples. It is commonly used to monitor drug levels, diagnose metabolic disorders, and investigate toxicology profiles.

Indications

• Monitoring therapeutic drug levels.
• Diagnosing metabolic and genetic disorders.
• Identifying toxic substances in the body.
• Research studies requiring precise chemical analysis.

Preparation

• Patients may need to fast for a certain period before sample collection.
• Inform the physician of any medications being taken, as adjustments may be required.
• Blood or urine samples are usually collected for analysis.

Procedure Description

1. A biological sample (blood, urine, etc.) is collected from the patient.
2. The sample is prepared by mixing with specific solvents if necessary.
3. The prepared sample is injected into the chromatography column.
4. The stationary phase inside the column separates the sample's components as the mobile phase passes through.
5. Detectors measure the quantity of each separated analyte.
6. Data is analyzed to generate quantitative results.

Tools and Equipment:

• Chromatography column
• Detectors (e.g., mass spectrometer)
• Mobile phase solvents
• Sample injector

Duration

The entire procedure, including sample preparation and analysis, typically takes a few hours.

Setting

The procedure is performed in a clinical laboratory setting.

Personnel

• Laboratory technicians
• Clinical chemists
• Medical technologists

Risks and Complications

• Minimal risk associated with sample collection (e.g., bruising from a blood draw).
• Rare technical errors or contamination of samples can occur.

Benefits

• Accurate and precise measurement of chemical compounds.
• Rapid results that assist in diagnosis and treatment.
• Non-invasive with minimal discomfort to the patient.

Recovery

• No recovery time is needed as it is a non-invasive lab test.
• Patients can resume normal activities immediately after sample collection.

Alternatives

• Enzyme immunoassays (pros: specific biomarkers; cons: less precise).
• Spectrophotometry (pros: quick results; cons: limited to certain analytes).

Patient Experience

• Mild discomfort during sample collection (e.g., blood draw).
• No pain during the chromatography analysis itself.
• Patients can expect clear instructions from lab personnel to ensure comfort and accuracy.