Name of the Procedure:

Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA) of the Abdominal Aorta and Bilateral Iliofemoral Lower Extremity Runoff, with Contrast Material(s)

Summary

Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA) is a non-invasive imaging test that uses X-rays with contrast material to visualize the abdominal aorta and the arteries in the lower extremities. The scan shows detailed images of blood vessels to help diagnose vascular conditions.

Purpose

This procedure helps diagnose conditions such as abdominal aortic aneurysm, arterial blockages, and other vascular diseases affecting the abdominal aorta and lower extremities. The goal is to identify any abnormalities or blockages to guide appropriate treatment.

Indications

• Symptoms of arterial disease such as leg pain, claudication, or numbness
• Suspected abdominal aortic aneurysm
• Follow-up on previously identified vascular conditions
• Pre-operative evaluation for vascular surgery

Preparation

• Patients are typically asked to fast for 4-6 hours before the procedure.
• Inform the doctor of any allergies, especially to contrast material.
• Patients may need to stop certain medications before the scan.
• Baseline kidney function tests may be required to assess the suitability of contrast material.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on a CT scanner table.
2. An intravenous (IV) line is placed to administer the contrast material.
3. Initial non-contrast images may be taken.
4. The contrast material is injected through the IV, and images are captured as it travels through the blood vessels.
5. The CT scanner takes multiple cross-sectional images to create a detailed map of the aorta and arterial runoff.
6. Post-processing of images is performed to enhance visualization of the vessels.

The entire process involves advanced CT technology, and sometimes mild sedation or local anesthesia is used.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30-60 minutes.

Setting

Performed in a hospital radiology department or an outpatient imaging center equipped with a CT scanner.

Personnel

• Radiologist or vascular surgeon (to interpret results)
• Radiologic technologist (to operate the CT scanner)
• Nurse or medical assistant (to manage IV and patient care)

Risks and Complications

• Allergic reaction to contrast material (rare)
• Kidney function impairment due to contrast (particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney conditions)
• Radiation exposure (generally minimal and considered safe)
• Discomfort at the IV site

Benefits

• Detailed visualization of the blood vessels, aiding precise diagnosis
• Non-invasive compared to traditional angiography
• Helps in planning further treatments or surgeries

Recovery

• Patients are monitored for a short time after the procedure for any adverse reactions.
• Normal activities can typically be resumed immediately.
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to discuss results.

Alternatives

• Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA): Uses magnetic fields and does not involve radiation, but may not be suitable for patients with metal implants.
• Duplex Ultrasound: Less detailed imaging, often used for initial assessments.
• Traditional angiography: More invasive, involving catheter insertion, but sometimes necessary for therapeutic interventions.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, the patient may feel a warm sensation when the contrast material is injected. They need to remain still to ensure high-quality images. Any discomfort from the IV insertion is usually minimal. Post-procedure, minor soreness at the IV site can be managed with comfort measures, and most patients feel well enough to resume regular activities quickly.