Name of the Procedure:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Cervical Spinal Canal, Without Contrast and Followed by Contrast

Summary

An MRI of the cervical spine uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the spinal canal and its contents. Initially, images are taken without contrast material; thereafter, a contrast agent is injected to obtain further images for enhanced clarity.

Purpose

This procedure is performed to diagnose conditions affecting the cervical spine. It helps identify abnormalities like spinal cord compression, tumors, infections, and other spinal canal disorders.

Indications

• Chronic neck pain
• Suspected spinal cord compression
• Tumors or cysts in the spinal region
• Evidence of multiple sclerosis
• Infections affecting the spinal cord
• Degenerative disc disease

Preparation

• Patients may need to fast a few hours before the procedure.
• Removal of all metallic objects (jewelry, watches).
• Completion of a safety questionnaire to confirm no implanted metallic devices.
• Possible pre-procedure medications for anxiety if claustrophobic.

Procedure Description

1. Patient lies on an MRI table.
2. Initial standard MRI scans are taken without contrast.
3. An intravenous (IV) line is placed, and contrast material is injected.
4. Additional MRI scans are done using contrast to highlight vascular and structural details.
5. Patient remains still for clear imaging.
6. The MRI machine uses strong magnets and radiofrequency to capture images.

Duration

Typically takes about 45-60 minutes.

Setting

Performed in a hospital radiology department or an outpatient imaging center.

Personnel

• Radiologist (a physician specialized in imaging)
• MRI technologist
• Nurse (for IV placement and monitoring)

Risks and Complications

• Mild allergic reaction to contrast material (rare).
• Claustrophobia during the MRI scan.
• Discomfort or pain from remaining still.
• Very rare risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with severe kidney disease from contrast agents.

Benefits

• Highly detailed images of the cervical spine.
• Helps pinpoint specific problems and plan for appropriate treatments.
• Non-invasive with no exposure to ionizing radiation.

Recovery

• Minimal recovery time; patients can usually resume normal activities immediately.
• Drink plenty of fluids to help remove the contrast material from the body.
• Follow-up with the referring physician to discuss results.

Alternatives

• Computed Tomography (CT) scan: Uses X-rays but less detail of soft tissues.
• X-rays: Initial imaging but less detailed.
• Ultrasound: Limited use in deep structures like the spine.
• Myelography: Invasive with use of contrast dye in the spinal canal.

Patient Experience

• Lying still in a confined space which might cause discomfort or anxiety.
• Noise from the MRI machine; ear protection is provided.
• Warmth or mild discomfort at the IV site during contrast injection.
• No pain from the imaging process itself.