Name of the Procedure:

Anterior tibial tubercleplasty (e.g., Maquet type procedure)

Summary

Anterior tibial tubercleplasty is a surgical procedure that involves reshaping or repositioning the tibial tubercle, a bony prominence on the shinbone, to alleviate pain and improve knee function, particularly in cases of severe patellar instability or alignment issues.

Purpose

• Medical Condition: This procedure is primarily used to address conditions such as patellar instability, severe osteoarthritis, or patellofemoral pain syndrome.
• Goals: The aim is to realign the patellar tendon and kneecap, reduce pain, and enhance knee joint function.

Indications

• Chronic knee pain unresponsive to conservative treatments
• Recurrent patellar dislocation or subluxation
• Malalignment of the patellofemoral joint
• Severe arthritis affecting the knee

Preparation

• Pre-procedure Instructions: Patients may need to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure and adjust any current medications as advised by the physician.
• Diagnostic Tests: Imaging studies like X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to evaluate the knee anatomy.

Procedure Description

1. Anesthesia: General or regional anesthesia is administered.
2. Incision: A surgical incision is made over the tibial tubercle.
3. Realignment: The tibial tubercle is reshaped or repositioned and fixated with screws or other hardware.
4. Closure: The incision is closed with sutures or staples, and a sterile dressing is applied.

• Tools and Equipment: X-ray machines for intraoperative imaging, orthopedic screws, and fixation devices.

Duration

The procedure typically takes 1-2 hours.

Setting

Performed in a hospital or surgical center, often requiring an overnight stay.

Personnel

• Orthopedic surgeon
• Surgical nurse
• Anesthesiologist

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Infection, bleeding, and blood clots.
• Rare Risks: Nerve damage, nonunion of the bone, or hardware complications.
• Management: Antibiotics for infection, compression stockings to prevent clots, and close postoperative monitoring.

Benefits

• Decreased knee pain
• Improved knee stability and function
• Enhanced quality of life Results are typically noticeable after a few months of recovery and rehabilitation.

Recovery

• Post-procedure Care: Pain management, wound care, and physical therapy.
• Recovery Time: Initial recovery takes 6-8 weeks, with full recovery potentially requiring several months.
• Restrictions: Limited weight-bearing on the affected leg, avoiding strenuous activities until cleared by the doctor.
• Follow-up: Regular postoperative visits for assessment and removal of sutures or staples.

Alternatives

• Physical therapy and rehabilitation
• Bracing or orthotic devices
• Non-surgical interventions like steroid injections or viscosupplementation

Pros and Cons: Non-surgical alternatives may offer temporary relief and are less invasive, but may not provide a lasting solution for severe cases.

Patient Experience

• During the Procedure: The patient will be under anesthesia and will not experience pain.
• After the Procedure: Pain and discomfort are managed with medications. Initial immobility followed by gradual physical therapy.
• Pain Management: Oral pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications as prescribed.