Arthroplasty, femoral condyles or tibial plateau(s), knee
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Arthroplasty, Femoral Condyles or Tibial Plateau(s), Knee Common name(s): Knee Joint Replacement, Partial Knee Replacement
Summary
Arthroplasty of the femoral condyles or tibial plateau is a surgical procedure where damaged cartilage and bone surfaces of the knee joint are replaced with artificial implants. This can involve either part of the knee (partial knee replacement) or the entire joint (total knee replacement).
Purpose
The procedure addresses severe knee pain and impaired function due to arthritis, trauma, or other degenerative conditions. The primary goal is to alleviate pain, restore mobility, and improve the overall quality of life for the patient.
Indications
- Severe knee pain that limits daily activities
- Stiffness in the knee joint
- Persistent knee inflammation and swelling not relieved by medications or rest
- Knee deformity
- Failure to respond to conservative treatments (physical therapy, medications)
Preparation
- Patients are generally required to fast for 8-12 hours before surgery.
- Adjustment or cessation of certain medications, as advised by the doctor.
- Preoperative blood tests, imaging studies (X-rays, MRI), and sometimes a physical examination by an internist or anesthesiologist.
Procedure Description
- Anesthesia: The patient is given either general anesthesia (completely asleep) or regional anesthesia (numbing the lower half of the body).
- Incision: A surgical incision is made over the knee to expose the joint.
- Resection: Damaged surfaces of the femoral condyles and/or tibial plateau are carefully removed.
- Implantation: Artificial implants (metal and plastic components) are fixed to the remaining bone.
- Closure: The incision is closed with sutures or staples, and a sterile dressing is applied.
The procedure uses specialized surgical tools and precisely designed implants to ensure proper alignment and function of the knee joint.
Duration
Typically 1-2 hours, but it may vary depending on the complexity of the case.
Setting
The procedure is performed in a hospital or a specialized surgical center.
Personnel
- Orthopedic Surgeons
- Anesthesiologists
- Surgical Nurses
- Operating Room Technicians
- Physical Therapists (for postoperative care)
Risks and Complications
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Implant loosening or wear
- Nerve or blood vessel damage
- Persistent pain or stiffness
- Allergic reactions to anesthesia
Benefits
- Significant pain relief
- Improved knee function and mobility
- Enhanced quality of life
- Long-lasting results with modern implants often lasting 15-20 years
Recovery
- Hospital stay of 1-3 days post-surgery
- Gradual increase in activity with physical therapy
- Pain management with prescribed medications
- Full recovery typically takes 6-12 months
- Regular follow-up appointments to monitor progress
Alternatives
- Conservative treatments (medications, physical therapy)
- Arthroscopic surgery (less invasive surgical option)
- Osteotomy (bone realignment surgery)
- Stem cell therapy
Each alternative has its pros and cons, ranging from less invasive options with possibly shorter recovery times to the potential for less dramatic improvements compared to arthroplasty.
Patient Experience
During the procedure, the patient will not feel pain due to anesthesia. Post-surgery, there may be discomfort and swelling managed with medications and cold therapy. Physical therapy will begin shortly after to help regain strength and mobility. Pain management and support measures will be provided throughout the recovery process to ensure patient comfort.