T85.21XA Breakdown (mechanical) of intraocular lens, initial encounter

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Breakdown (mechanical) of intraocular lens, initial encounter
- ICD-10 Code: T85.21XA

#### Summary
- This condition refers to the mechanical failure or malfunction of an intraocular lens (IOL), experienced during the initial encounter in a healthcare setting. An intraocular lens is an artificial lens implanted in the eye, often during cataract surgery, to replace the eye's natural lens.

#### Causes
- The mechanical breakdown of an intraocular lens can be caused by manufacturing defects, improper handling or insertion, trauma to the eye, or material degradation over time.

#### Risk Factors
- Factors that might increase the risk include advanced age, previous eye surgeries, ocular trauma, high myopia, and pre-existing eye conditions.

#### Symptoms
- Patients may experience vision changes like blurriness, double vision, glare, halos, or unusual visual disturbances. Physical sensation of discomfort or irritation in the eye may also occur.

#### Diagnosis
- Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist, including visual acuity tests, slit-lamp examination, and possibly imaging studies like ultrasound biomicroscopy or anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT).

#### Treatment Options
- Treatment may involve careful monitoring for minor issues, replacement of the malfunctioning lens via surgical explantation, or realignment of the IOL. Surgery helps restore normal vision and to prevent further complications.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- With prompt medical intervention, the prognosis is generally good, and eyesight can often be restored. Regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor eye health and the condition of the IOL.

#### Complications
- Untreated, this condition can lead to further vision impairment, corneal damage, or secondary complications such as retinal detachment or intraocular infections.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Regular eye check-ups, avoiding eye injuries, and adherence to post-operative care instructions following cataract surgery are critical. Protective eyewear may prevent trauma-related issues.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Immediate medical attention is advised if you experience sudden changes in vision, eye pain, or redness after IOL implantation. Persistent discomfort or visual disturbances warrant an eye specialist's evaluation.

#### Additional Resources
- [American Academy of Ophthalmology](https://www.aao.org)
- [Prevent Blindness](https://www.preventblindness.org)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure the code T85.21XA is only used for an initial encounter related to the mechanical breakdown of an intraocular lens.
- Differentiate from other IOL-related complications and codes, such as infections (T85.29) or displacement.

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