S22.23XS Sternal manubrial dissociation, sequela

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- **Sternal manubrial dissociation, sequela (ICD Code: S22.23XS)**
- Also known as the post-traumatic condition related to previous sternum injuries.

#### Summary
- Sternal manubrial dissociation refers to a separation at the joint connecting the manubrium and the body of the sternum. "Sequela" indicates this condition is a result of a previous injury, often presenting lasting issues following the initial trauma.

#### Causes
- The condition is typically caused by significant physical trauma to the chest, such as from a motor vehicle accident or a severe impact injury. 

#### Risk Factors
- High-energy chest injuries.
- Involvement in contact sports or activities with a risk of chest trauma.
- Osteoporosis or bone-weakening conditions that increase injury susceptibility.

#### Symptoms
- Chronic pain or discomfort in the upper chest area.
- Restricted range of motion or difficulty in moving the shoulders and arms.
- Visible deformity or instability in the upper sternum area.

#### Diagnosis
- Physical examination focusing on the chest area.
- Imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to assess the degree of separation and any bone healing issues.

#### Treatment Options
- Non-surgical: Pain management through medications like NSAIDs, and physical therapy to improve mobility and strength.
- Surgical: Considered in severe cases to stabilize the sternal region, potentially using hardware like plates and screws.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Prognosis varies; some patients achieve good pain control and functional status, while others may experience persistent discomfort.
- Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider to monitor symptoms and response to treatments.

#### Complications
- Chronic pain if the dissociation is not adequately managed.
- Potential for muscular and skeletal imbalances due to altered chest mechanics.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Engaging in protective measures when participating in high-risk activities or sports.
- Maintaining bone health through diet and exercise to strengthen skeletal structure.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Persistent pain, discomfort, or new symptoms following a traumatic chest injury.
- Difficulty breathing or any significant chest deformity.

#### Additional Resources
- [American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons](https://www.aaos.org/)
- [Chest Wall Injury Society](https://cwisociety.org/)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure the code reflects the sequela nature of the condition, indicating it is a result of a previous injury.
- Be mindful of differentiating between the acute injury code and the sequela code.

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