Name of the Condition

• Zygomatic fracture
• Cheekbone fracture

Summary

A zygomatic fracture is a break in the zygomatic bone, commonly known as the cheekbone. This condition occurs when the bone is cracked or shattered on one side of the face due to trauma.

Causes

• Direct impact to the face, such as during a fall, car accident, or assault.
• Sports injuries involving contact with the face.
• Blunt force trauma from objects.

Risk Factors

• Participation in contact sports or activities with a high risk of facial injuries.
• Engaging in high-speed activities without appropriate protective gear.
• Individuals with a history of previous facial fractures.

Symptoms

• Swelling and bruising around the cheek and eye area.
• Visible deformity or flattening of the cheekbone.
• Difficulty or pain when opening the mouth or chewing.
• Double vision due to the proximity to the eye socket.

Diagnosis

• Physical examination to assess swelling and deformity.
• Imaging tests such as X-rays and CT scans to confirm the fracture and evaluate the extent of the injury.

Treatment Options

• Surgical intervention: To realign the bone fragments and stabilize the fracture using plates and screws.
• Pain management: Medications to control pain and swelling.

• Cold compresses: To reduce swelling in the affected area.

  Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Most patients recover with appropriate treatment, though healing time varies based on the severity of the fracture.
• Regular follow-up appointments to monitor healing and address any complications.

Complications

• Infection, particularly with open fractures.
• Permanent facial deformity if not treated correctly.
• Vision problems if the fracture affects the eye socket.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Wearing protective headgear during sports or risky activities.

• Implementing safety measures in vehicles to reduce impact injuries.

  When to Seek Professional Help

• Severe swelling or deformity after facial trauma.
• Persistent pain or numbness in the cheek area.
• Changes in vision or difficulty moving the jaw.

Additional Resources

• American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS)
• Facial Trauma Support Groups

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure specificity in documenting whether the fracture is open or closed.
• Be attentive to the laterality, even if unspecified, as this might have implications for treatment and management.