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Adult failure to thrive

ICD10CM code
#### Name of the Condition
- Adult failure to thrive (AFTT)

#### Summary
- Adult failure to thrive (R62.7) is a condition characterized by a decline in physical and mental functioning that typically affects older adults. It involves unintended weight loss, decreased appetite, and a lack of energy, often leading to significant health deterioration.

#### Causes
- Causes of adult failure to thrive can include chronic medical conditions (such as heart disease or cancer), mental health disorders (such as depression), social isolation, and inadequate nutrition.

#### Risk Factors
- Risk factors include advanced age, chronic illnesses, reduced social support, mental health issues, medication side effects, and inadequate access to healthcare.

#### Symptoms
- Symptoms may include weight loss, weakness, fatigue, diminished physical activity or interest in activities, poor nutrition, depression, and cognitive decline.

#### Diagnosis
- Diagnosis is generally clinical and may involve a comprehensive physical examination, review of medical history, nutritional assessments, blood tests, and screening for mental health conditions.

#### Treatment Options
- Treatment focuses on addressing underlying causes, improving nutritional intake, physical rehabilitation, counseling or psychiatric care for mental health issues, and medication adjustments.
- Nutritional support and physical therapy can help improve strength and energy levels.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- The prognosis varies depending on the underlying causes and the individual's overall health. With adequate intervention, many patients experience improved quality of life.
- Regular follow-up is crucial to monitor progress and adjust treatment plans accordingly.

#### Complications
- Without proper management, adult failure to thrive can lead to severe malnutrition, increased susceptibility to infections, physical frailty, and a higher risk of mortality.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Maintaining a balanced diet, staying socially active, regular physical activity, and routine health check-ups can help manage or prevent AFTT.
- Early intervention in lifestyle habits can significantly reduce risk.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Seek medical attention if there are signs of rapid weight loss, persistent fatigue, noticeable cognitive decline, or if social withdrawal is significantly impacting quality of life.

#### Additional Resources
- National Institute on Aging (NIA)
- Mayo Clinic - Adult Failure to Thrive
- Alzheimer's Association

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Use ICD code R62.7 for adult failure to thrive when the condition is the primary diagnosis, especially when it is not attributed to another specific cause.
- Be cautious about excluding nutritional or psychological conditions that might be better represented by other specific codes.

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