Name of the Condition

• Late Metabolic Acidosis of Newborn
• Technical term: Neonatal metabolic acidosis

Summary

Late metabolic acidosis of newborn is a condition characterized by an excess of acid in the blood and other tissues of infants occurring after the first few days of life. This condition can indicate an underlying issue with metabolism or other physiological processes.

Causes

• This condition may be caused by renal tubular dysfunction or difficulties in metabolizing nutrients during early life.
• Other contributing factors can include inadequate intake or absorption of nutrients, often seen in premature infants.

Risk Factors

• Premature birth
• Low birth weight
• Insufficient feeding or malabsorption issues

Symptoms

• Increased breathing rate (tachypnea)
• Poor feeding or lethargy
• Vomiting
• Irritability or discomfort
• Dehydration

Diagnosis

• Blood gas analysis to assess pH and bicarbonate levels
• Electrolyte tests to evaluate metabolic imbalances
• Clinical assessment of infant's feeding and growth patterns

Treatment Options

• Administration of bicarbonate to correct acidity levels
• Intravenous fluids to address dehydration and electrolyte imbalances
• Dietary interventions may be necessary to ensure proper nutrition

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With prompt and adequate treatment, infants usually recover without long-term consequences.
• Regular follow-up with pediatric care is essential to monitor growth and development.

Complications

• If untreated, severe acidosis can lead to complications including delayed development and potentially dangerous electrolyte imbalances.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Ensure proper feeding practices and monitoring of the infant’s growth and development
• For high-risk infants, early pediatric assessments are crucial to prevent onset

When to Seek Professional Help

• Rapid or labored breathing
• Persistent vomiting or refusal to feed
• Lethargy or significant changes in behavior

Additional Resources

• American Academy of Pediatrics: AAP
• March of Dimes: March of Dimes
• Community support groups for parents of premature infants

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate coding by verifying the condition fits the criteria for late-onset and is not congenital.
• Be cautious of coding similar conditions like respiratory acidosis which require different interventions.