O70.1 Second degree perineal laceration during delivery

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Second Degree Perineal Laceration During Delivery
- Medical term: O70.1

#### Summary
A second degree perineal laceration is a tear that occurs in the perineum during childbirth, involving the vaginal tissue and the perineal muscles, but not the anal sphincter. This type of tear requires stitching for proper healing.

#### Causes
Second degree perineal lacerations occur due to the excessive stretching and pressure on the perineum during vaginal delivery. Factors contributing to these tears include the baby's size, the speed of delivery, and the position of the baby during birth.

#### Risk Factors
- First-time vaginal deliveries
- Instrumental deliveries using forceps or vacuum
- Large birth weight of the baby
- Prolonged second stage of labor
- Previous history of perineal tears

#### Symptoms
- Pain and swelling in the perineal area
- Discomfort while sitting or walking
- Bleeding and bruising in the perineal region
- Difficulty urinating

#### Diagnosis
- Physical examination by a healthcare provider immediately after delivery
- Visual and manual inspection of the perineum to assess the extent of the tear

#### Treatment Options
- Surgical repair with sutures under local anesthesia
- Pain management with oral analgesics
- Cold compresses to reduce swelling and discomfort
- Sitz baths to promote healing and provide relief

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Most women recover well with proper treatment, usually within a few weeks
- Follow-up with healthcare providers to monitor healing progress
- Importance of adhering to postnatal care instructions for optimal recovery

#### Complications
- Infection at the site of the tear
- Persistent pain or discomfort
- Difficulty with bowel movements or urinary incontinence

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Performing perineal massage in the weeks leading up to delivery to increase elasticity
- Guided pushing techniques during labor
- Maintaining good nutrition and hydration to promote tissue healing

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Signs of infection (e.g., fever, unusual discharge)
- Severe and persistent pain
- Difficulty urinating or controlling bowel movements

#### Additional Resources
- [American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG)](https://www.acog.org)
- [March of Dimes](https://www.marchofdimes.org)
- Local childbirth support groups

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure accurate documentation of the degree of laceration to apply the correct ICD code
- Verify physician's notes for details specifying the second degree involvement
- Avoid coding errors by distinguishing between first, third, and fourth degree tears

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