Name of the Condition

• Infection of incontinent external stoma of urinary tract (ICD code N99.521)

Summary

• An infection of an incontinent urinary stoma, a surgically created opening that allows urine to exit the body, occurring when bacteria or other pathogens invade the area.

Causes

• Infections can arise due to poor stoma hygiene, obstruction or buildup of urine, compromised immune system, or prolonged catheter use.

Risk Factors

• Risk is increased by factors such as advanced age, poor stoma care routines, a history of urinary tract infections, diabetes, and immunosuppressive conditions.

Symptoms

• Common symptoms include redness, swelling, or warmth around the stoma, discharge or pus, pain, fever, and a strong odor.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination of the stoma, urine tests, and possibly swabs of the stoma area for culture to identify infectious agents.

Treatment Options

• Treatment often includes antibiotics to tackle bacterial infections, antifungal medications if yeast is involved, and ensuring proper stoma care. Sometimes, adjustments to stoma appliances are made to achieve better fit and hygiene.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With prompt treatment, the prognosis is generally good. Ongoing follow-up is crucial to ensuring infections are cleared and to monitor for recurrences.

Complications

• Untreated infections may lead to systemic issues, such as sepsis, and can significantly reduce quality of life. Persistent infections may damage stoma tissue.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Maintaining strict hygiene practices, ensuring proper fit and function of stoma appliances, and regular check-ups can minimize infection risks. Staying hydrated and maintaining overall health through diet and exercise are beneficial.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Immediate medical attention should be sought if there are signs of severe infection, such as high fever, increased pain, or systemic symptoms like confusion or rapid heart rate.

Additional Resources

• Interested individuals can consult the United Ostomy Associations of America (UOAA) and the American Urological Association for further information and support.

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate ICD coding by confirming both the presence of an infection and that it affects an incontinent urinary stoma. Avoid common errors like coding for the wrong type of stoma or for non-infectious inflammation.