Name of the Condition

• Calcific tendinitis, unspecified ankle and foot
• Also known as calcific tendonitis or tendinopathy due to calcification.

Summary

Calcific tendinitis is a condition characterized by the buildup of calcium deposits in the tendons of the ankle and foot. This can lead to pain, inflammation, and restricted movement, commonly affecting individuals without a specific prior injury.

Causes

The exact cause of calcific tendinitis is not well understood. It is thought to involve a combination of factors, including overuse of the tendons, age-related changes, and impaired blood flow leading to calcification in the tendon fibers.

Risk Factors

• Age: Commonly affects people aged 30-60.
• Occupations or activities involving repetitive movement of the ankle or foot.
• Trauma or injury to the foot or ankle area.
• Preexisting conditions such as diabetes.

Symptoms

• Intense pain and tenderness in the affected ankle or foot.
• Limited range of motion and stiffness.
• Swelling and redness in the area.
• A noticeable lump where the deposit has formed.

Diagnosis

• Physical examination to assess pain and range of motion.
• Imaging techniques like X-rays or ultrasound to identify calcium deposits.
• MRI to evaluate the extent of inflammation and assess adjacent structures.

Treatment Options

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve pain and inflammation.
• Physical therapy to improve flexibility and strengthen surrounding muscles.
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce severe inflammation.
• Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) to dissolve calcifications.
• Surgical intervention in persistent cases to remove calcium deposits.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Generally favorable with appropriate treatment, with many patients recovering fully.
• Regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor progress and prevent recurrence.
• Effective management of symptoms with physical therapy and activity modification.

Complications

• Chronic pain and persistent inflammation if left untreated.
• Tendon rupture, though rare, can occur if calcification is severe.
• Reduced physical activity level, affecting quality of life.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Regular stretching and strengthening exercises for the ankle and foot.
• Proper footwear providing adequate support to reduce stress on tendons.
• Avoidance of repetitive high-impact activities when possible.
• Maintaining a healthy diet to promote overall joint and tendon health.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Persistent or worsening pain despite home treatment measures.
• Significant swelling or inability to bear weight on the affected foot or ankle.
• Sudden onset of intense pain or swelling indicating possible complications.

Additional Resources

• American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society: aofas.org
• Arthritis Foundation: arthritis.org
• Local physical therapy clinics for exercise management programs.

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate selection of ICD code M65.279 for unspecified ankle and foot locations with calcific tendinitis.
• Avoid confusion with similar codes related to other joints or specific foot conditions.
• Cross-reference with the physician's notes for precise location and symptoms to support coding accuracy.