Excessive Spacing of Fully Erupted Teeth (ICD Code: M26.32)

Name of the Condition

• Common Name: Excessive spacing of teeth
• Medical Term: Diastema

Summary

Excessive spacing of fully erupted teeth, often referred to as diastema, is a dental condition characterized by noticeable gaps between two or more teeth after they have fully emerged. This is typically found in the front teeth, causing functional and aesthetic concerns for some individuals.

Causes

• Genetics: Family history of diastema can contribute to its development.
• Habits: Thumb sucking or tongue thrusting can lead to spacing issues.
• Jaw Size: Discrepancies between tooth size and jaw width may cause gaps.
• Missing Teeth: Congenitally missing teeth or extractions without replacement can create space.

Risk Factors

• Heredity plays a significant role in the likelihood of developing this condition.
• Certain oral habits during childhood.
• Abnormal frenum (tissue that connects the lip to the gum).

Symptoms

• Visible spaces between the teeth.
• Possible misalignment or altered bite.
• Speech issues caused by spacing, like a lisp.

Diagnosis

• Dental examination by a professional.
• Orthodontic evaluation to measure space and diagnose causes.
• X-rays to assess underlying bone and tooth structure.

Treatment Options

• Orthodontic Braces: Align teeth and close gaps over time.
• Veneers or Bonding: Cosmetic options to cover gaps for aesthetic purposes.
• Frenectomy: Surgical procedure if the frenum is the cause of the spacing.
• Dental Implants or Bridges: If gaps result from missing teeth.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Most cases can be effectively managed with treatment.
• Regular dental check-ups are crucial to monitor ongoing alignment and oral health.
• Orthodontic retainers might be needed to maintain treatment results.

Complications

• Potential for increased food impaction and plaque accumulation.
• Risk of gum disease if spacing contributes to poor oral hygiene.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Maintain good oral hygiene to prevent disease.
• Avoid habits that may exacerbate spacing, like finger sucking or tongue thrusting.
• Early orthodontic consultation in children to address spacing issues promptly.

When to Seek Professional Help

• If gaps between teeth are causing functional problems or aesthetic concerns.
• Unusual changes in spacing that occur suddenly.

Additional Resources

• American Dental Association (ADA): www.ada.org
• Orthodontic Patient Support Groups for emotional and practical advice.

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the condition is not coded as a temporary state related to ongoing dental development.
• Verify correct use of ICD code M26.32, specifically for cases of fully erupted teeth with excessive spacing.
• Double-check patient records to avoid confusion with similar conditions, such as overcrowding or misalignment without spacing.