Name of the Condition

• Ankylosis, left shoulder

Summary

• Ankylosis of the left shoulder is a condition characterized by stiffness and immobility in the shoulder joint, often due to abnormal bone fusion, tissue inflammation, or previous injury. It limits the shoulder's range of motion, impacting daily activities.

Causes

• Common causes include trauma to the shoulder, chronic inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, prolonged immobility after surgery or injury, and connective tissue disorders.

Risk Factors

• Risk factors include age (more common in older adults), a history of shoulder injuries, chronic arthritis, and conditions requiring prolonged immobilization, such as a shoulder cast or sling.

Symptoms

• Symptoms typically include joint stiffness, pain, limited movement, and sometimes visible swelling or deformity around the shoulder area.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis may involve a physical examination, patient history assessment, and imaging tests such as X-rays or MRIs to evaluate joint structure and rule out other conditions.

Treatment Options

• Treatment may include physical therapy to improve mobility, medications for pain and inflammation control (such as NSAIDs), corticosteroid injections, and in severe cases, surgery to release the ankylosed joint. Each treatment aims to relieve symptoms and enhance shoulder movement.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• The prognosis varies; some patients regain full use with treatment, while others may have persistent mobility limitations. Regular follow-ups are crucial for monitoring progress and adjusting treatment as needed.

Complications

• Without proper management, complications can include chronic pain, permanent joint stiffness, and deterioration of adjacent muscles or tissues due to limited use.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Preventive measures include regular exercise to maintain joint flexibility, ergonomic practices to prevent injury, and managing underlying health conditions. Maintaining a healthy weight and avoiding smoking can also help reduce risk.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Seek medical attention if experiencing sudden shoulder pain, significant loss of movement, or a noticeable change in shoulder contour. Immediate care is necessary if there is severe pain, swelling, or signs of infection.

Additional Resources

• For further information, consult resources like the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) or the Arthritis Foundation. These organizations provide comprehensive guides and support for individuals dealing with joint conditions.

Tips for Medical Coders

• When coding ankylosis, left shoulder (M24.612), ensure the laterality is correctly noted as involving the left shoulder. Avoid using unspecified codes unless absolutely necessary, and differentiate from similar conditions like adhesive capsulitis or arthritis. Double-check any related procedures or conditions that may require additional coding.