Name of the Condition

• Primary Osteoarthritis, Unspecified Shoulder
• Also known as Degenerative Joint Disease of the Shoulder

Summary

Primary osteoarthritis of the shoulder is a degenerative joint condition characterized by the breakdown of cartilage within the shoulder joint. This leads to pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion over time.

Causes

The exact cause of primary osteoarthritis is unknown. However, it primarily results from the gradual wear and tear of the cartilage. Contributing factors may include age-related changes, joint overuse, and possible biochemical changes within the cartilage.

Risk Factors

• Age: More common in individuals over 50 years old.
• Family history: Genetic predisposition to joint issues.
• Previous shoulder injuries: Increases susceptibility.
• Overuse: Repeated motions or heavy lifting can strain the joint.

Symptoms

• Persistent shoulder pain, particularly during or after movement.
• Stiffness and reduced range of motion.
• A grinding sensation or popping sounds when moving the joint.
• Swelling or tenderness around the shoulder.

Diagnosis

• Physical examination to assess pain and mobility.
• Imaging tests like X-rays or MRI to visualize joint degeneration.
• Assessment of medical history and symptoms.

Treatment Options

• Medications: NSAIDs to help reduce pain and inflammation.
• Physical Therapy: Exercises to improve joint flexibility and strength.
• Injections: Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation.
• Surgery: In severe cases, joint replacement surgery may be considered.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

With proper management, many individuals can maintain an active lifestyle despite osteoarthritis. Regular follow-ups are crucial to monitor the condition's progression and adjust treatment as needed.

Complications

• Chronic pain and discomfort.
• Significant decrease in joint function, possibly leading to disability.
• Development of secondary joint conditions due to altered joint mechanics.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Regular low-impact exercise to maintain joint health.
• A balanced diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants to support joint cartilage.
• Weight management to reduce stress on the joints.

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek medical attention if persistent shoulder pain does not improve with rest, or if there is severe pain, swelling, or an inability to move the shoulder.

Additional Resources

• Arthritis Foundation: arthritis.org
• American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons: aaos.org

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure documentation specifies the shoulder involved.
• Distinguish between primary and secondary osteoarthritis.
• Verify if the condition is unspecified or if there is laterality that can be coded.