Name of the Condition

• Secondary Esophageal Varices Without Bleeding
• Medical term: I85.10

Summary

Secondary esophageal varices are enlarged veins in the esophagus that form as a complication of liver conditions, primarily due to increased pressure in the portal vein system (portal hypertension). In this condition, the varices have not yet bled.

Causes

The main cause of secondary esophageal varices is portal hypertension, often due to cirrhosis of the liver. Other causes may include blood clots in the portal vein or schistosomiasis.

Risk Factors

• Chronic liver disease, especially cirrhosis
• Alcohol abuse
• Viral hepatitis infections
• Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Symptoms

• Typically asymptomatic unless the varices bleed.
• If present, symptoms might include bloating or discomfort in the upper abdomen.

Diagnosis

• Endoscopy to visually confirm the presence and size of varices.
• Ultrasound or CT scan of the abdomen to assess the liver condition.
• Blood tests to evaluate liver function and portal hypertension.

Treatment Options

• Non-selective beta-blockers: To reduce portal hypertension.
• Endoscopic band ligation: To prevent bleeding if varices are large.
• Lifestyle modification: Managing liver conditions can indirectly help.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With proper management, many patients maintain a stable condition without bleeding.
• Regular monitoring through endoscopy and assessments of liver health is crucial.

Complications

• If not treated, varices can rupture, leading to life-threatening bleeding.
• Worsening of liver function or development of additional varices.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Limit alcohol consumption.
• Maintain a balanced diet low in salt and high in nutrients.
• Regular medical check-ups to monitor liver health.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Rapid heartbeat, severe abdominal pain, or signs of gastrointestinal bleeding such as vomiting blood or black, tarry stools.

Additional Resources

• American Liver Foundation (liverfoundation.org)
• National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (niddk.nih.gov)

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the condition is documented explicitly as secondary and without bleeding.
• Avoid confusing with primary esophageal varices or varices with active bleeding.