G81.02 Flaccid hemiplegia affecting left dominant side

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Flaccid Hemiplegia Affecting Left Dominant Side
- ICD-10 Code: G81.02

#### Summary
Flaccid hemiplegia refers to paralysis that affects one side of the body, resulting in weakness and loss of muscle tone. When it affects the left dominant side, an individual's manual dexterity and movement coordination on that side are severely impacted.

#### Causes
Flaccid hemiplegia often results from brain injuries such as strokes, traumatic brain injuries, or infections that affect the motor pathways. It can also be caused by neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis.

#### Risk Factors
- Advanced age
- History of cardiovascular disease
- High blood pressure
- Diabetes
- Smoking

#### Symptoms
- Sudden weakness or paralysis on the left side of the body
- Decreased muscle tone (flaccidity)
- Difficulty moving or coordinating left limbs
- Possible facial droop on the left side

#### Diagnosis
- Neurological examination
- Imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans to identify brain lesions
- Electromyography (EMG) to assess muscle response

#### Treatment Options
- Physical therapy to improve mobility and muscle strength
- Occupational therapy for adaptation and skill development
- Medications such as anticoagulants or thrombolytics if caused by a stroke
- Surgery in certain cases to relieve pressure or repair damaged tissues

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Prognosis depends on the cause and severity; some patients may recover significant function, while others may have permanent disabilities.
- Regular follow-up with healthcare providers is essential for monitoring progress and adjusting treatments.

#### Complications
- Muscle contractures due to prolonged immobility
- Joint pain and stiffness
- Risk of falls and injuries
- Pressure sores from lack of movement

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Maintaining a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise and a balanced diet can help prevent strokes and other cardiovascular conditions.
- Smoking cessation and blood pressure management are crucial.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Sudden onset of weakness or inability to move the left side of the body
- Changes in speech or vision, which may indicate a stroke

#### Additional Resources
- American Stroke Association [Website](https://www.stroke.org/)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure accurate side specification; coding should reflect whether the left or right side and whether it is the dominant side.
- Verify clinical documentation to distinguish between flaccid and spastic hemiplegia.
- Double-check patient's history and physician notes for precise coding.

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