Name of the Condition

• Common Name: Iron Deficiency
• Medical Term: E61.1

Summary

Iron deficiency is a condition characterized by a lack of adequate iron to meet the body's needs. Iron is essential for producing hemoglobin, a protein that allows red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body. Without sufficient iron, one might experience fatigue and other health issues.

Causes

• Inadequate dietary intake of iron
• Increased iron needs during pregnancy or growth spurts
• Blood loss from menstruation, gastrointestinal bleeding, or surgery
• Malabsorption disorders like celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease

Risk Factors

• Women of childbearing age
• Pregnant women
• Infants and children
• Vegetarians or vegans
• Individuals with chronic blood loss

Symptoms

• Fatigue and weakness
• Pale skin
• Shortness of breath
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Brittle nails
• Cold hands and feet

Diagnosis

• Complete blood count (CBC)
• Serum ferritin and iron tests
• Total iron-binding capacity (TIBC)
• Reticulocyte count
• Stool test for occult blood

Treatment Options

• Oral iron supplements to replenish iron stores
• Dietary changes to include more iron-rich foods such as red meat, beans, and fortified cereals
• Intravenous iron therapy for severe deficiency or those who cannot tolerate oral iron

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With appropriate treatment, iron deficiency is typically reversible.
• Regular monitoring and follow-up blood tests to ensure iron levels are restored and maintained.

Complications

• Severe anemia
• Heart problems, such as tachycardia or heart failure
• Pregnancy complications, including preterm delivery

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Eating a balanced diet rich in iron
• Vitamin C intake to enhance iron absorption
• Routine screening for high-risk groups

When to Seek Professional Help

• Persistent fatigue and weakness
• Unexplained paleness
• Symptoms of dizziness or shortness of breath

Additional Resources

• American Society of Hematology (hematology.org)
• Iron Disorder Institute (irondisorders.org)
• National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (nhlbi.nih.gov)

Tips for Medical Coders

• Verify the correct code for iron deficiency as E61.1.
• Consider documenting any underlying causes, like chronic blood loss.
• Be aware of any specific modifiers that may be applicable based on the patient's condition details.