Name of the Procedure:

Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO) - Spiral, Institute of Rehabilitative Medicine Type, Prefabricated

Summary

Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO) is a pre-made brace designed to support the ankle and foot. It's made from plastic or other durable materials and fits snugly around the lower leg and foot to stabilize and align the ankle joint. This particular type, spiral designed, offers more flexibility and dynamic response than traditional linear-shaped AFOs.

Purpose

This device is used to correct and manage issues related to foot drop, muscle weakness, or nerve damage. The goal is to improve mobility, balance, and comfort, while preventing further injury or deformity.

Indications

• Patients with foot drop due to conditions like stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, or nerve injuries.
• Muscle weakness or paralysis affecting the lower leg and foot.
• Instability in walking or standing due to ankle joint issues.
• Recovery from surgeries or injuries requiring controlled motion and support.

Preparation

• No specific preparation is required.
• The orthotist may take measurements and perform a physical assessment to ensure proper fitting.
• Bring any relevant medical history or prior imaging studies, if available.

Procedure Description

1. Measurements and Assessment: The orthotist measures the patient’s lower leg and foot.
2. Fitting: The prefabricated orthosis is then adjusted to the patient's specific dimensions.
3. Trial Wearing: The patient tries on the orthosis, and adjustments are made for comfort and effectiveness.
4. Instruction: The orthotist provides instructions on how to wear, remove, and care for the orthosis.
5. Final Adjustments: Minor adjustments may be made after the patient walks or moves with the orthosis to ensure optimal function and comfort.

Tools: Measuring tape, prefabricated AFO, customization tools (heat gun, padding materials)

Duration

The fitting and adjustment process typically takes about 1-2 hours.

Setting

This procedure is usually performed in an outpatient clinic or an orthotic and prosthetic facility.

Personnel

• Orthotist (specialist in orthotic devices)
• Medical Assistant (optional, for additional support)

Risks and Complications

• Skin irritation or pressure sores from improper fit.
• Initial discomfort as the body adjusts to the orthosis.
• Rare risk of allergic reaction to materials used in the orthosis.

Benefits

• Improved mobility and stability.
• Prevention of further injury or deformity.
• Enhanced walking or standing capabilities.
• Benefits can be realized almost immediately after proper fitting and adjustment.

Recovery

• Gradual increase in wear time to allow adaptation (start with 1-2 hours per day, increasing as comfort allows).
• Regular skin checks for any signs of pressure sores or irritation.
• Follow-up appointments for adjustments and to check progress.

Alternatives

• Custom-made AFOs.
• Physical therapy for muscle strengthening.
• Surgical interventions for severe cases.
• Pros: Custom AFOs offer personalized fit but are more expensive and take longer to manufacture. Physical therapy is non-invasive but may not be effective alone. Surgery has higher risks and longer recovery.

Patient Experience

• Mild discomfort or pressure sensation is common initially.
• The patient may need time to adjust to walking with the orthosis.
• Effective pain management and comfort measures include wearing recommended socks and gradually increasing use.
• Regular follow-up visits help to ensure the orthosis continues to meet the patient's needs.