Name of the Procedure:

• Common Name: Albuterol Inhalation
• Technical/Medical Term: Albuterol, inhalation solution, FDA-approved final product, non-compounded, administered through DME, concentrated form, 1 mg (J7611).

Summary

Albuterol inhalation is a respiratory therapy for individuals with breathing difficulties. It involves the use of a concentrated albuterol solution delivered through a nebulizer, a device that turns liquid medication into a mist. This allows the medication to be inhaled directly into the lungs, providing quick relief from symptoms like wheezing and shortness of breath.

Purpose

This procedure aims to alleviate symptoms of respiratory conditions such as asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The expected outcome is the rapid opening of airways to improve breathing and reduce respiratory distress.

Indications

• Asthma exacerbations
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) flare-ups
• Acute bronchospasm Patients who experience wheezing, shortness of breath, or other obstructive airway symptoms are suitable for this procedure.

Preparation

• No fasting required.
• Patients should inform their healthcare provider of any current medications.
• A brief medical history and prior diagnostic tests, such as lung function tests, may be reviewed.

Procedure Description

1. The concentrated albuterol solution is placed in the nebulizer's medication cup.
2. The nebulizer is connected to an air compressor.
3. The patient puts the mouthpiece in their mouth or a mask over their nose and mouth.
4. Upon turning on the device, the solution is converted into a mist.
5. The patient breathes in the mist, typically for about 5-15 minutes until the medication is fully administered.

Tools & Equipment:

• Nebulizer
• Air compressor or portable nebulizer unit
• Mouthpiece or face mask

Anesthesia or Sedation: Not applicable.

Duration

The treatment typically takes around 5 to 15 minutes per session.

Setting

This procedure can be performed at home, in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or a surgical center.

Personnel

Healthcare professionals such as:

• Respiratory therapists
• Nurses
• Primary care physicians (for initial guidance and prescriptions) In a home setting, patients or their caregivers usually administer the treatment.

Risks and Complications

• Common: Mild throat irritation, tremors, or palpitations.
• Rare: Allergic reactions, severe bronchospasm, or cardiac arrhythmias. Complications should be immediately reported to a healthcare provider for appropriate management.

Benefits

Rapid relief from respiratory distress is typically noticed within minutes after administration, significantly improving breathing and reducing the severity of symptoms.

Recovery

• No significant recovery time needed.
• Patients can usually return to their regular activities immediately.
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to monitor the patient's condition.

Alternatives

• Inhaler (Metered-Dose Inhalers - MDI): Portable, quicker but may require good technique.
• Oral Medications: Longer onset of action, not as targeted to lungs.
• Intravenous Bronchodilators: Used in more severe cases in a hospital setting.

Pros and Cons:

• Inhaler: More convenient but might be less effective for severe symptoms.
• Oral Medications: Easier to ingest but slower effect.
• IV Bronchodilators: Rapid and efficient but invasive and hospital-based.

Patient Experience

• During: Mild initial discomfort from the mask or mouthpiece, taste of medication, possible slight shaking or increased heart rate.
• After: Generally, patients feel immediate respiratory relief. Pain Management and Comfort: Comfort measures include ensuring a proper fit for the mask/mouthpiece and using the nebulizer in a calm, seated position.