Name of the Procedure:

Aminolevulinic Acid HCl Topical Administration (20%) - HCPCS Code: J7308

Common name(s): Aminolevulinic acid, ALA, Topical Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Technical/medical terms: Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride topical administration

Summary

Aminolevulinic acid HCl topical administration involves applying a special medication to the skin, followed by exposure to specific light sources. This procedure helps to treat certain skin conditions by activating the medication with light, causing targeted destruction of abnormal cells.

Purpose

Aminolevulinic acid topical administration is used to treat actinic keratoses, a condition characterized by rough, scaly patches on the skin caused by excessive sun exposure. The goal is to selectively destroy these abnormal cells, improving skin appearance and preventing progression to skin cancer.

Indications

• Actinic keratoses on the face or scalp
• Presence of rough, scaly patches that have not responded to other treatments
• Patients who can tolerate light exposure treatment

Preparation

• Patients should avoid sun exposure for at least 48 hours prior to the procedure.
• Clean the skin thoroughly before the procedure.
• No other special preparation is typically necessary.

Procedure Description

1. Application: The healthcare provider applies the aminolevulinic acid HCl solution (20%) to the affected area.
2. Incubation: The medication is allowed to absorb for approximately 3 hours.
3. Light Exposure: After absorption, the patient is exposed to a specific light source (e.g., blue light or red light) to activate the medication.
4. Post-Light Exposure: The area is then cleansed, and sun-protective measures are reinforced.

Tools and Equipment:

• Aminolevulinic acid HCl (20%) solution (354 mg)
• Light source (e.g., blue or red light device)
• Protective eyewear

Anesthesia: Local anesthesia or numbing cream may be applied, but it's usually minimal.

Duration

The entire procedure, including incubation, typically takes about 4-5 hours.

Setting

The procedure is typically performed in a dermatology clinic or outpatient setting.

Personnel

• Dermatologist or trained specialist
• Nursing staff
• Light therapy technician, if applicable

Risks and Complications

Common risks:

• Redness, swelling, and discomfort at the treatment site
• Temporary sensitivity to light

Rare complications:

• Severe skin reactions or burns
• Infection at the treatment site

Benefits

• Effective reduction of actinic keratoses
• Improved skin texture and appearance
• Potential prevention of skin cancer development

Recovery

• Patients should avoid sun exposure for at least 48 hours post-procedure.
• Mild discomfort and redness may occur but usually resolve within a week.
• Follow-up appointments may be needed to assess the efficacy and manage any side effects.

Alternatives

• Cryotherapy (freezing off lesions)
• Topical anti-cancer medications (e.g., fluorouracil)
• Laser therapy Pros of alternatives: Usually quicker procedures. Cons of alternatives: May not be as effective for extensive or resistant lesions.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, patients might feel mild discomfort or stinging. Afterward, treated areas may be red and sensitive, similar to a mild sunburn. Pain is generally managed with over-the-counter pain relievers, and patients should follow sun protection advice strictly to ensure proper healing.