Name of the Procedure:

Injection, furosemide, up to 20 mg (also known as Lasix injection)

Summary

An injection of furosemide, a diuretic medication, is administered to help remove excess fluid from the body by increasing urine production.

Purpose

The procedure is designed to reduce fluid retention due to conditions like congestive heart failure, liver disease, or nephrotic syndrome. The goal is to alleviate swelling, improve breathing, and reduce the burden on the heart.

Indications

• Swelling (edema) due to congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, or kidney disease
• Shortness of breath due to fluid in the lungs
• High blood pressure when fluid retention contributes to the condition

Preparation

• Patients may need to adjust their regular medications, as advised by their healthcare provider.
• Fasting is generally not required.
• Baseline kidney function tests and electrolyte levels may be assessed.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned comfortably, generally seated or lying down.
2. An appropriate injection site, typically an arm vein, is cleaned with antiseptic.
3. Furosemide, up to 20 mg, is drawn into a syringe.
4. The medication is injected directly into the vein.
5. The injection site is monitored briefly for any immediate reactions.

Duration

The entire procedure typically takes 10-15 minutes.

Setting

This procedure is usually performed in a hospital setting or an outpatient clinic.

Personnel

• A registered nurse or licensed healthcare professional administers the injection.
• A physician oversees the treatment plan and monitors the patient's response.

Risks and Complications

• Common risks include dizziness, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances.
• Rarely, patients may experience allergic reactions, kidney dysfunction, or blood pressure drops.
• Complications are managed with supportive care and medication adjustments.

Benefits

• Reduction in fluid retention improves breathing and reduces swelling.
• Symptom relief can begin within 30-60 minutes after the injection.
• Helps prevent complications related to fluid overload, such as heart failure exacerbations.

Recovery

• Patients are advised to monitor their urine output and fluid intake.
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to assess the response and adjust doses.
• Temporary restrictions on fluid intake may be advised based on individual conditions.

Alternatives

• Oral diuretics may be used for fluid management, but they might not be as effective in severe cases.
• Other medications include thiazide diuretics and potassium-sparing diuretics.
• Lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes and reduced salt intake can also help manage fluid retention.

Patient Experience

• Patients may feel a brief sting or discomfort during the injection.
• Increased urination is expected soon after the procedure.
• Pain management is generally not necessary as the procedure is minimally invasive, but comfort measures such as a relaxed environment and reassurance are provided.