Name of the Procedure:

Assertive Community Treatment (ACT), face-to-face, per 15 minutes

Summary

Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is an intensive, team-based mental health service provided directly to individuals in the community. ACT focuses on individuals with severe and persistent mental illnesses, offering personalized care to help them manage their conditions and improve their quality of life.

Purpose

ACT addresses severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, that significantly impair daily functioning. The goal is to reduce hospitalizations, enhance social and occupational functioning, and support independent living through continuous, personalized care.

Indications

• Severe and persistent mental illness
• Frequent hospitalizations or crises related to mental health
• Difficulty adhering to traditional office-based treatments
• Extensive need for support in daily living activities

Preparation

• No specific preparation is required by the patient.
• Initial assessments to determine eligibility and care planning.

Procedure Description

1. Initial Assessment: Mental health professionals conduct comprehensive evaluations.
2. Care Plan Development: An individualized care plan is created, outlining treatment goals and strategies.
3. Face-to-Face Interaction: Regular in-person meetings between the care team and the patient, typically in the patient's home or community settings.
4. Medication Management: Monitoring and adjusting medications as necessary.
5. Therapeutic Interventions: Providing psychotherapy, support, and skills training.
6. Coordination of Services: Connecting the patient with community resources, healthcare services, and social supports.
   • Tools and Equipment: None specific, may include notebooks for documentation, therapeutic materials.
   • Anesthesia or Sedation: Not applicable.

Duration

Each face-to-face session typically lasts 15 minutes, but the entire course of ACT can continue for several months to years, based on the individual’s needs.

Setting

Provided in community settings, including the patient's home, workplaces, or other community locations where the patient functions.

Personnel

• Psychiatrists
• Social Workers
• Nurses
• Psychologists
• Case Managers
• Vocational Specialists

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: None specific to the procedure; standard risks associated with mental health treatment including potential non-compliance.
• Rare Risks: Possible emotional distress when dealing with difficult issues. Management includes immediate support and therapeutic interventions.

Benefits

• Improved management of mental health symptoms.
• Reduced need for hospitalization.
• Enhanced ability to live independently and engage in social and occupational activities.
• Increased access to community resources and support networks.

Recovery

• Ongoing support tailored to the individual’s progress.
• Regular follow-up appointments to reassess and adjust the care plan.
• Continued engagement with community services and support systems.

Alternatives

• Traditional outpatient mental health treatment
• Residential treatment programs
• Inpatient psychiatric care in cases of acute crises
• Pros and Cons of Alternatives:
  • Outpatient Treatment: Less intensive, may not meet the needs of those with severe conditions.
  • Residential Programs: More intensive, but may disrupt daily life and independence.
  • Inpatient Care: Essential during acute crises but usually short-term and not suited for continuous support in daily living.

Patient Experience

• Patients typically experience consistent and ongoing support.
• They may feel a sense of stability and security knowing a dedicated team is always available.
• Pain management is not applicable to ACT. Comfort measures focus on emotional and psychological support to enhance well-being and stability.