Sodium fluoride f-18, diagnostic, per study dose, up to 30 millicuries
HCPCS code
Name of the Procedure:
Sodium Fluoride F-18 PET Scan
- Common Names: Sodium Fluoride PET Scan, Bone Scan
- Medical Term: Sodium Fluoride F-18 Diagnostic Imaging
Summary
A Sodium Fluoride F-18 PET scan is a diagnostic imaging procedure that helps to visualize bones and detect abnormalities such as fractures, cancers, or other bone conditions. It uses a small amount of radioactive material, sodium fluoride F-18, which is injected into the body and then scanned using a PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scanner.
Purpose
The sodium fluoride F-18 PET scan is used to:
- Detect bone abnormalities such as fractures, infections, or tumors.
- Monitor the spread of cancer to the bones.
- Evaluate metabolic activity in the bones.
- Assist in the diagnosis of bone diseases and conditions.
Indications
- Persistent bone pain or discomfort.
- Suspected bone fractures not visible on regular X-rays.
- Known or suspected bone cancer.
- Monitoring the effectiveness of cancer treatment.
- Detecting bone infections or other bone-related conditions.
Preparation
- Patients may be advised to drink plenty of fluids before and after the procedure.
- Remove all metal objects, such as jewelry.
- Inform the doctor about all medications and recent medical history.
- No specific fasting or dietary restrictions required unless specified by the healthcare provider.
Procedure Description
- Injection: A small amount of sodium fluoride F-18 is injected intravenously.
- Uptake Period: The patient waits for about 30-90 minutes to allow the radioactive material to distribute and accumulate in the bones.
- Scanning: The patient lies on a table that moves through the PET scanner, which captures detailed images of the bones.
- Completion: The scan typically lasts about 30 minutes, during which the patient must remain still.
- Equipment Used: PET scanner, intravenous line for injection.
- Anesthesia/Sedation: Not typically required.
Duration
The entire process, including preparation, uptake period, and scanning, typically takes 2-3 hours.
Setting
- The procedure is usually performed in a hospital or an outpatient imaging center with specialized PET scan facilities.
Personnel
- Nuclear Medicine Technologist: Administers the radioactive material and operates the PET scanner.
- Radiologist: Interprets the scan results.
- Healthcare Providers: May include nurses or other support staff for patient preparation and care.
Risks and Complications
- Common Risks: Minimal exposure to radiation, allergic reactions to the tracer, discomfort at the injection site.
- Rare Risks: Infection, extravasation of the tracer.
Benefits
- Diagnostic Clarity: Provides detailed and accurate images of bone structures.
- Early Detection: Helps in early detection and better management of bone diseases.
- Non-invasive: Less invasive compared to surgical diagnostic methods.
Recovery
- Post-Procedure Care: No significant recovery time; patients can usually resume normal activities immediately.
- Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the radioactive material.
Alternatives
- X-rays: Offer less detailed bone imaging.
- MRI: Detailed imaging but may not be as effective for bone metabolism.
- CT Scans: Detailed 3D images, higher radiation exposure.
Pros of PET Scan: High sensitivity for bone abnormalities. Cons: Exposure to a small amount of radiation.
Patient Experience
- During Procedure: Minimal discomfort; patients must lie still.
- After Procedure: No significant side effects; may experience a minor ache at the injection site.
- Pain Management: Not typically needed, as the procedure is generally painless.
Patients are encouraged to discuss any concerns or questions with their healthcare provider prior to the procedure for a clear understanding and peace of mind.