Technetium tc-99m oxidronate, diagnostic, per study dose, up to 30 millicuries
HCPCS code
Name of the Procedure:
- Common Name: Bone Scan
- Technical or Medical Term: Technetium Tc-99m Oxidronate Scan, Diagnostic, per Study Dose, up to 30 Millicuries (A9561)
Summary
A Technetium Tc-99m Oxidronate Scan, commonly known as a bone scan, is an imaging procedure used to identify abnormalities in the bones. It involves injecting a small amount of radioactive material (Technetium Tc-99m Oxidronate) into the bloodstream, which then accumulates in the bones and helps create detailed images of bone structure and function.
Purpose
This procedure is primarily utilized to:
- Detect bone infections
- Diagnose bone fractures that are not visible on X-rays
- Identify bone cancer and determine if it has spread to other parts of the skeleton
- Evaluate unexplained bone pain
- Monitor the progression of bone disease and effectiveness of treatment
Indications
The procedure may be recommended if the patient experiences:
- Unexplained bone pain
- Suspected bone infection (osteomyelitis)
- History of cancer with bone metastasis concerns
- Unexplained fractures
- Symptoms suggesting bone disorders such as arthritis
Preparation
- Patients may be advised to hydrate well before the procedure to help flush out radioactive material afterward.
- There are generally no significant dietary restrictions, but patients should follow specific instructions provided by their healthcare provider.
- Remove all jewelry and metallic objects that might interfere with imaging.
- Inform the healthcare provider of any medications or allergies.
Procedure Description
- Injection: A small amount of Technetium Tc-99m Oxidronate is injected into a vein, usually in the arm.
- Distribution: The patient waits for 2-4 hours for the radioactive tracer to travel through the bloodstream and accumulate in the bones.
- Imaging: The patient lies on a table as a special gamma camera scans the body to capture images of the bones. The camera detects areas where the radioactive material has gathered, highlighting areas of high bone activity or abnormalities.
- Completion: Once the imaging is done, which usually takes 30-60 minutes, the patient can leave and continue with normal activities.
Duration
The entire procedure, including injection, waiting period, and imaging, typically takes about 3-5 hours.
Setting
The procedure is usually performed in a hospital nuclear medicine department or an outpatient imaging center.
Personnel
- Nuclear Medicine Physician
- Radiologic Technologist
- Nurses for administration of the radioactive tracer and patient care
Risks and Complications
- Common risks: Mild discomfort at the injection site.
- Rare risks: Allergic reactions to the radioactive material.
- Radiation exposure is minimal and generally considered safe; however, pregnant or breastfeeding women should inform their healthcare provider due to potential risks to the baby.
Benefits
- Provides detailed images to diagnose and monitor various bone diseases.
- Non-invasive with minimal discomfort.
- Early detection of bone abnormalities can lead to more effective treatment.
Recovery
- Patients can return to normal activities immediately post-procedure.
- Drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the radioactive tracer.
- Follow any specific instructions given by the healthcare provider.
- No significant recovery time required.
Alternatives
- X-rays: Less detailed but useful for some diagnoses.
- MRI: Provides detailed images without radiation but may not always detect bone metabolism.
- CT Scan: More detailed than X-rays, involves more radiation than a bone scan.
- Ultrasound: Useful but limited in assessing bone conditions.
Patient Experience
- During the injection, patients might feel a slight pinch.
- Some mild discomfort from staying still during the scan.
- Most patients do not experience significant pain or side effects.
- Healthcare providers will ensure comfort and explain each step throughout the procedure.