Name of the Procedure:

Electroencephalogram (EEG) with Intermittent Monitoring and Maintenance (12-26 Hours)

Summary

An Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a non-invasive test that measures electrical activity in the brain using small electrodes attached to the scalp. The procedure includes intermittent monitoring and maintenance over a period of 12-26 hours to capture and record brainwave activity.

Purpose

EEGs are used to diagnose and monitor neurological conditions affecting the brain. They help in detecting electrical activity abnormalities that might indicate epilepsy, sleep disorders, or other brain-related issues, aiming to provide accurate information for effective treatment planning.

Indications

An EEG is indicated for:

• Diagnosing epilepsy and assessing seizure types.
• Evaluating sleep disorders such as sleep apnea or narcolepsy.
• Investigating periods of unconsciousness or confusion.
• Monitoring brain activity in patients with neurological conditions.

Preparation

Patients are generally advised to:

• Wash their hair the night before the test without using conditioner, gel, or hairspray.
• Continue regular medications unless directed otherwise by a healthcare provider.
• Avoid caffeine and other stimulants for at least 8 hours before the test.
• Get a regular amount of sleep the night before the procedure.

Procedure Description

1. The patient arrives at the designated medical facility and is checked in.
2. The EEG technologist explains the procedure and ensures the patient is comfortable.
3. Small electrodes are attached to the scalp using a special adhesive or cap.
4. The patient is asked to relax and follow simple instructions, such as opening and closing their eyes or taking deep breaths.
5. The EEG recording commences, capturing brainwave activity intermittently over 12-26 hours.
6. During the recording, the patient may perform normal activities but needs to avoid any activities that might disturb the electrodes.
7. After the recording period, the electrodes are gently removed, and the patient is free to go.

Duration

The procedure lasts for 12-26 hours, depending on the clinical needs.

Setting

The EEG is typically conducted in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or specialized neurology center.

Personnel

• EEG Technologist: Responsible for attaching electrodes, monitoring the recording, and performing maintenance.
• Neurologist: Interprets the EEG results.
• Nursing Staff: May assist with patient preparation and care.

Risks and Complications

The EEG is safe and non-invasive with minimal risks. Rarely, patients might experience:

• Skin irritation where electrodes are attached.
• Mild discomfort from the adhesive used for the electrodes.

Benefits

• Provides critical information on brain activity, aiding in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological conditions.
• Non-invasive and painless, with a straightforward recovery process.
• Continuous and intermittent monitoring ensures comprehensive data collection.

Recovery

Post-procedure, patients can typically resume normal activities immediately. They are advised to:

• Wash their hair to remove any residual adhesive.
• Follow up with their healthcare provider to discuss the results and next steps.

Alternatives

Other diagnostic options include:

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Computed Tomography (CT) Scan
• Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan

Each alternative has its pros and cons, such as the invasive nature, cost, availability, and the type of information they provide compared to an EEG.

Patient Experience

During the EEG, patients can expect slight discomfort from the electrodes but no pain. During the recording period, they can move around and engage in most normal activities, provided they avoid disturbing the electrodes. After the procedure, they may feel some adhesive residue in their hair, but this can be washed out easily. Pain and discomfort are minimal, and normal activities can be promptly resumed.