Name of the Procedure:

Urinalysis; microscopic only
Common name(s): Microscopic Urinalysis
Technical term: Microscopic Examination of Urine

Summary

A microscopic urinalysis is a laboratory test that involves examining a urine sample under a microscope to check for cells, crystals, bacteria, and other substances. This test helps in diagnosing various medical conditions related to the urinary system.

Purpose

The microscopic urinalysis is used to:

• Identify urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Detect kidney disease or damage
• Diagnose disorders like stones in the urinary tract
• Screen for other medical conditions that can alter urine composition

Indications

• Symptoms of a urinary tract infection, such as burning during urination, frequent urination, and cloudy urine
• Kidney function monitoring, especially in patients with conditions like diabetes and hypertension
• Unexplained urinary symptoms like blood in the urine (hematuria)
• Routine screening in physical examinations for certain populations

Preparation

• Patients are usually asked to provide a fresh midstream urine sample.
• No specific dietary or medication restrictions typically required, but following routine hygiene before sample collection is essential.

Procedure Description

1. The patient provides a urine sample in a sterile container.
2. In the lab, the sample is centrifuged, separating the solid particles (sediment) from the liquid.
3. The sediment is transferred onto a microscope slide.
4. A laboratory technician examines the slide under a microscope to identify and count cells, crystals, casts, and microorganisms.

Duration

The procedure, including sample handling and microscopic examination, typically takes about 30-60 minutes.

Setting

The procedure is performed in a clinical laboratory or hospital laboratory setting.

Personnel

• Medical laboratory technicians or technologists
• Clinical pathologists for detailed review if required

Risks and Complications

• No direct risks or complications to the patient as it is a non-invasive test.
• Possibility of contamination of the sample if not collected properly.

Benefits

• Helps in early detection and treatment of urinary tract infections and kidney-related disorders.
• Provides valuable information about overall health and underlying conditions.

Recovery

• No recovery time is needed as it is a non-invasive test.
• Patients can resume normal activities immediately.

Alternatives

• Urine dipstick analysis: Provides immediate screening but less detailed than microscopic examination.
• Blood tests for kidney function such as serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels.

Patient Experience

• The patient will experience minimal discomfort, only requiring the provision of a urine sample.
• No pain management is necessary as it is a simple and quick process.